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问题 填空题

I．丙烯酸的结构简式是：CH2    CHCOOH。试写出它与下列物质反应的化学方程式。

(１）氢氧化钠溶液________________________________________。

(２）溴水________________________________________。

(３）乙醇________________________________________。

II．4.6g某有机物完全燃烧，得到8.8g二氧化碳和5.4g水．此有机物的蒸气对氢气的相对密度为23（相同状况下）．该有机物与金属钠反应放出氢气．其分子式为         ,结构简式为          。

答案

I.（1）CH2=CHCOOH+NaOH  CH2=CHCOONa+H2O 

(2)CH2=CHCOOH+Br2  CH2BrCHBrCOOH

(3)CH2=CHCOOH+C2H5OHCH2=CHCOOC2H5+H2O

II.  C2H6O        C2H5OH或CH3CH2OH

题目分析：Ⅰ 根据有机物的结构简式准确识别官能团，根据官能团的性质作答。CH2=CHCOOH含有羧基，能与醇发生酯化反应、与碱发生中和反应；含有碳碳双键，能与溴水发生加成反应。化学方程式为：

（1）CH2=CHCOOH+NaOH  CH2=CHCOONa+H2O 

（2）CH2=CHCOOH+Br2  CH2BrCHBrCOOH

（3）CH2=CHCOOH+C2H5OHCH2=CHCOOC2H5+H2O

II．根据题意知，有机物的蒸气对氢气的相对密度为23（相同状况下），该有机物的相对分子质量为46，4.6g某有机物完全燃烧，得到8.8g二氧化碳和5.4g水，根据原子守恒知，1mol有机物中含有2molC和6molH，结合相对分子质量知，其分子式为C2H6O；该有机物与金属钠反应放出氢气，应为乙醇，结构简式为C2H5OH或CH3CH2OH。

阅读理解

A young woman was driving through the lonely countryside. It was dark and rainy. Suddenly she saw an old woman by the side of the road, holding up her hand as if she wanted a lift(搭便车).

"I can't leave her out in this weather," the young woman said to herself. She stopped the car and opened the door.

"Do you want a lift?" she asked. The old woman nodded(点头) and climbed into the car. After a while, she said to the old woman, “Have you been waiting a long time?" The old woman shook (摇晃) her head. "Strange!" thought the woman. She tried again. "Bad weather for the time of year," she said. The old woman nodded.  Then the young woman noticed the old woman's hands, which were large and hairy(多毛的). Suddenly she realized that "she" was a man! She was frightened at first. Then she stopped the car. "I can't see out of the rear screen(挡风玻璃) ,"she said. "Would you mind cleaning it for me?"

"The old woman" nodded and opened the door. As soon as "she" was out of the car, the frightened young woman drove off as fast as she could.

When she got to the next village, she stopped. She noticed "the old woman" had left "her" handbag behind. She picked it up and opened it. Inside was a gun(枪)

小题1:When the young woman talked with "her", "the old woman" only nodded or shook "her" head because "she"_______.

A．didn't want the young woman to hear "her" voice

B．didn't want to trouble the young woman any more

C．was so tired that "she" didn't want to talk with her

D．wondered if the young woman had seen "her" hands小题2: How did the young woman find “she” was a man?

A．The young woman hared her "voice"

B．The young woman saw a gun in the handbag

C．The young woman noticed the old woman’s hands were big and fairy

D．The young woman had never seen "the old woman"小题3:The young woman asked "the old woman" to clean the rear screen in order to________

A．see more clearly

B．drive fast and well

C．make "her" speak

D．throw "her" out小题4:From the story we can see that the young woman was______.

A．kind and clever

B．beautiful and bright

C．foolish and shy

D．strong and helpful小题5:What do you think "the old woman" was________.

A．A policeman.

B．A basketball player.

C．A robber

D．A poor villager
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填空题

将25 gA物质和5 gB物质混合加热反应后，测得A物质仍有10 g，B物质已经反应完，生成C物质11 g，还有一种新物质D。在这个化学反应中，反应物和生成物的质量比依次为m（A）:m（B）:m（C）:m（D）=

                                 。 若A、B、C、D的相对分子质量分别为30、20、44、18，则该反应的化学方程式为                                                      。

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