问题 填空题

(14分)下表为周期表的一部分,其中的编号代表对应的元素。

A                 
             BCDE 
F              GH 
 I   J            
请回答下列各题:

(1)由A、B、C形成的ABC分子中,含有σ键与π键个数比为       

(2)BD2和GD2哪个更易溶于水:           

原因                                                                

(3)已知元素E和I形成晶胞如图2所示,则I2+的配位数是       , E的配位数是          

(4)JCl3能与C、D的氢化物形成六配位的配合物,且两种配体的物质的量之比为2∶1,三个氯离子位于外界。则JCl3形成的配合物的化学式为                   

(5)已知晶体FH的晶胞结构如图1所示,该晶体的密度为,阿伏加德罗常数为NA,则该晶体中相邻的两个F+和H的核间距为                     

(列出算式即可)

答案

(1)     1:1      

(2)      SO2       CO2是非极性分子,SO2H2O都是极性分子,根据

似相溶原理,SO2H2O中的溶解度较大     

(3)      8          4      

(4)   [Cr(NH3)4(H2O)2]Cl3      

(5)            (列出算式即可)

阅读理解

Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater expansion in their waistlines(腰围)over time, a study published suggests. Researchers found that among black and Hispanic adults younger than 40, those who typically slept for five hours or less each night had a greater accumulation of belly fat over the next five years, versus(相比于) those who averaged six or seven hours. Those who slept eight hours or more in bed each night also showed a bigger fat gain - but it was less obvious than that seen in "short sleepers."

The study, reported in the Journal Sleep, does not prove that too little or too much sleep directly leads to excess fat gain. But the findings support and extend those of other studies linking sleep duration - particularly a lack of sleep - to weight gain and even to higher risks of diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease. Among participants younger than 40, the study found, those who said they slept for five hours or less each night gained more belly fat than those who averaged six or seven hours of sleep. On average, short sleepers showed a 32 percent gain in visceral(内脏的)fat, versus a 13 percent gain among those who slept six or seven hours per night, and a 22 percent increase among men and women who got at least eight hours of sleep each night. A similar pattern was seen with superficial abdominal(腹部)fat.

The findings, according to lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston, support the belief that sleep habits affect weight and health in general. "Sleep is an important part of your overall health - not just in whether you're tired during the day," she said.

There may be indirect effects; people who get too little sleep may be too tired during the day to exercise, while those who spend a lot of time in bed may spend less time being active, relative to people who sleep fewer hours. Research also suggests that sleep loss alters people's levels of appetite-regulating hormones(荷尔蒙)- which could, in theory, cause them to overeat. Depression, which often affects people's sleep and has been linked to weight gain, could also be a factor, Hairston noted.

小题1:Who may have the higher risk of being fat over the next five years?

A.Jack, a Hispanic man, aged 35, sleeps for 3 hours every night.

B.Candy, a black woman, aged 41, sleeps for about 5 hours every night.

C.Bob, an American, aged 50, sleeps for more than 12 hours every day.

D.John, a student in Africa, sleeps for more than 6 hours every week.小题2:What does the study, reported in the Journal Sleep find?

A.Too little or too much sleep directly gives rise to the fat gain.

B.People are subject to heart disease due to the lack of sleep.

C.It is admitted that sleep plays an important part in our health.

D.Researchers find a longer sleep time is better for our health.小题3:What does the lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston agree with?

A.People should do some exercise in their daily life.

B.There is a close link between sleep habits and health.

C.More nutrition is greatly needed when we lack sleep.

D.More and more people tend to sleep less than before.小题4:What can we infer from the passage?

A.Younger adults getting little or much sleep may become fat.

B.We are supposed to do exercise as much as possible to keep fit.

C.We should keep a good sleep habit to improve our health.

D.We have to spare no efforts to drive depression away.小题5:What’s the best title of the passage?

A.Sleep Habits Linked to Fat Gain in Younger Adults.

B.Doing Exercise Is the Best Way to Keep Fit.

C.Our Waistlines Can Be Driven Away Right Now.

D.Diabetes No Longer bother all of Young People.

单项选择题