问题 填空题

W、X、Y、Z是原子序数依次增大的四种短周期元素,已知:W最外层电子数与电子层数相同,Y与X相邻,Y与Z也相邻;元素Z在地壳中含量最高。试回答下列各题:

(1)写出由其中两种元素组成的盐的电子式                 。

(2)比较Y、Z离子半径大小                     ( 用化学式表示)

(3)已知W、Y、Z三种元素两两组合,可组成多种10电子微粒,请写出反应物生成物均为10电子微粒的离子方程式_______________________________________。

(4)由W、X、Z三种元素可组成A、B、C三种常见的有机化合物,其中A是日常生活中常用调味品的主要成分,且A与B能够反应生成C,C是一种有香味的液体。试写出该反应的化学方程式____________________________________________。

(5)由W、X、Y、Z四种元素中的三种元素组成的某种化合物,其浓溶液可与其中第四种元素的单质发生反应,写出该反应的化学方程式_________________________。

(6)已知由元素X和Z可组成A、B、C、D四种中学化学中常见的单质或化合物,四种物质之间存在如图所示的转化关系。

①写出A与B反应生成C的化学方程式____________________________________;

②向50 mL4 mol·L-1的NaOH溶液中通入1.12 L B(标准状况),反应后溶液中溶质的物质的量之比为__________________________________。

答案

⑴               ⑵ N3->O2-          

NH3+H3O+=NH4++H2O   (或其它合理答案)                                   

                

C  +  4HNO3 (浓) = CO2↑+ 4NO2↑+ H2O                           

⑹ ①                                     

  n(NaOH) : n(Na2CO3) ="2:1              "

阅读理解

阅读理解。

阅读下面文章并根据题目要求回答问题。

     The world's first subway was built in London in 1863. At the time, the government was looking for a way

to reduce traffic problems. The poor areas of the city were so crowded with people. So the officials decided

to make it possible for workers to live outside of London and travel easily to work each day. If people had a

convenient way to get to and from work, they would live outside of the city and this would help reduce the

pressure. From these problems, the idea of the London Underground was born.

     The plans for building the Underground met with several problems, but the first track was finally opened in

January,1863. A steam train pulled the cars along the first underground track which was six kilometers long.

About 30,000 people got on the subway the first day. They were treated to comfortable seats and pleasant

decorations inside the cars. However, the smoke from the engine soon filled the air in the tunnels. Fans had to

be put in the tunnel later to keep the air clean enough for people to breathe. Even with its problems, riding the

Underground did become popular. It carried nine million riders in its first year.

     Modem subways have come a long way since the early days of the London Underground.

     Today there are more than one hundred underground systems around the world. Shopping malls built in

traffic stations have helped the popularity of subways. Nowadays many stations include underground

department stores, supermarkets and restaurants. Shoppers never have to go above ground!

1. What is the best title for this passage? (within 10 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

2. What does "Shoppers never have to go above ground!"(in Para 3) mean? (within 10 words)

______________________________________________________________________

3. Which sentence can be replaced by the following one: "Although there were such prolems,

      people loved to take subways."

______________________________________________________________________

4. What problems led the British government to build the London Underground? (within 10 words)

______________________________________________________________________

5. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

_______________________________________________________________________

单项选择题