问题 阅读理解与欣赏

  卜式献产助边卜式,以田畜为事。有少弟,弟壮,式出,独取畜羊百余,田宅财物尽与弟。入山牧,十余年,羊致千余头,买田宅。而弟尽破其产,辄复分与弟者数矣。

  时汉方事匈奴,式上书,愿输家财半助边。上使使问式:“欲为官乎?”曰:“自小牧羊,不习仕宦,不愿也。”曰:“家岂有冤,欲言事乎?”曰:“臣生与人亡所争,邑人贫者贷之,不善者教之,所居,人皆从式,式何故见冤!皇上诛匈奴,愚以为贤者宜死节,有财者宜输之,如此而匈奴可灭也。”使者以闻。上以语丞相弘。弘曰:“此非人情,不轨之臣不可以为化而乱法,愿陛下勿许。”于是上久不报式,数岁,乃罢式。式归,复田牧。岁余,会浑邪等降,县官费众,仓府空,贫民大徙,皆仰给县官,无以尽赡。复持钱二十万与河南太守,以给徙民。河南上富人助贫民者,上识式姓名,曰:“是固前欲输其家半财助边。”是时,富家皆争匿财,唯式尤欲助费,上于是以式终长者,乃召拜为中郎,赐爵左庶长,田十顷,布告天下,尊显以风百姓。

  初,式不愿为郎,上曰:“吾有羊在上林中,欲令子牧之。”岁余,羊肥息。上过其羊所,善之。式曰:“非独羊也,治民亦犹是也。以时起居,恶者辄去,毋令败群。”上奇其言,欲试使治民,拜式缑氏令,缑氏安之。迁成皋令,将漕最。上以式朴忠,拜为齐王太傅,转为相。会吕嘉(南越丞相)反,式上书,愿父子及齐习弩习船者往死之,以尽臣节。上贤之,下诏曰:“今天下不幸有事,郡县诸侯未有奋由直道者也。齐相雅行躬耕,不为利惑。昔者北边有兴,上书助官;今又首奋,虽未战,可谓义形于内矣。”乃拜为御史大夫。

  赞曰:卜式以鸿渐之翼困于燕雀,远迹羊豕之间,非遇其时,焉能致此位乎?(《汉书·公孙弘卜式倪宽传》)

  【注】①浑邪:匈奴首领名。 ②缑氏:县名。 ③将漕:办理漕运 

1.下列语句中划线的词语的解释,不正确的一项是

[ ]

A.自小牧羊,不仕宦  习:熟悉,习惯

B.此非人情  人情:礼节应酬

C.于是上久不式  报:答复

D.今又首奋  首奋:首先站出来

2.下列语句编为四组,全部直接体现卜式忠君爱民的一组是[ ]

①臣生与人亡所争

②愚以为贤者宜死节

③复持钱二十万与河南太守

④富家皆争匿财,唯式尤欲助费

⑤乃召拜为中郎,赐爵左庶长

⑥齐相雅行躬耕,不为利惑

A.①④⑤

B.①③⑥

C.②③④

D.②⑤⑥

3.下列对原文的理解和分析,不符合文意的一项是[ ]

A.卜式与他的弟弟分家时,自己只要了一百来只羊,把其他田地、房屋等都留给了弟弟。他弟弟家业尽破,他又多次相助,这说明卜式是一个友爱兄弟的人。

B.从卜式愿意拿出一半的家产抗击匈奴、出资二十万作为迁徙百姓的花费、主动请求奔赴南越决一死战等事件中可以看出卜式是一个不吝啬钱财、不图回报、忠心为国的人。

C.卜式愿意资助朝廷抗击匈奴,却什么事情也没有求;被封为中郎官却不愿意做,宁可替皇上放羊。在皇上看来,卜式是一个品德高尚但不善于表达的人。

D.“非遇其时,焉能致此位乎?”说明在作者看来,卜式牧羊出身,以财输边,从给皇上牧羊一直到被封为御史大夫,主要原因是遇上了好机会。

答案

1.B

2.C 

3.C

阅读理解

LEEDS, England ─ A Leeds University psychology (心理学) professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.

"The hatred we hold within us is a cancer," Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.

More than 70 people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London ─ a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.

These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves, said Canadian-born Hart.

The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.

The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hate in these people. "People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness," he said. "People confuse forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one."

Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.

"The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with," said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project.

Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people "want to get free of the past".

小题1:From this passage we know that ______.

A.high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hatred

B.high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors

C.without hatred, people will have less trouble connected with blood and heart

D.people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies小题2:If you are angry with somebody, you should ______.

A.try your best to defeat him or her

B.never meet him or her again

C.persuade him or her to have a talk with you

D.try to build up a positive attitude towards the person小题3: In Hart’s first 20-week workshop, people there can ___.

A.meet their enemies

B.change their minds

C.enjoy the professor’s speech

D.learn how to quarrel with others小题4: If you are a member in Hart’ s workshop, you’ll ______.

A.pay much money to Hart

B.go to the workshop every night

C.attend a gathering twice a month

D.pour out everything stored in your mind小题5: The author wrote this passage in order to ________.

A.persuade us to go to Hart’s workshop

B.tell us the news about Hart’s workshop

C.tell us how to run a workshop like Hart’s

D.help us to look at various kinds of angers

单项选择题