问题 填空题

小明的物理老师买了一件金灿灿的实心饰品,非常漂亮,同学们看到了特别想知道这个饰品是否是纯金的(ρ=19.3g/cm3).经老师同承.他们将饰品带到了实脸室.进行了如下的实验:

A.把天平放在水平桌面上;

B.把游码移到标尺的零刻度线处.调节横梁上的平衡螺母.使横梁平衡;

C.将饰品用细线系好后慢慢放入量筒中,记下水和饰品的总体积;

D.在量筒中侧倒入适量的水.并记下水的体积;E.将饰品放在左盘中,在右盘中增减砝码并移动游码直至横粱在水平位置平衡.

请你帮助同学们回答下列问题:

(1)正确的实验操作顺序是:A,B _________ (余下步骤用字母序号填出).

(2)用调好的天平测饰品质量,当天平再次平衡时,右盘中的砝码和游码的位置如图甲所示,则饰品的质量是 _________ g,用细线拴好饰品放人装有适量水的量筒中,如图乙所示,则饰品的体积为 _________ cm3

(3)通过计算可知饰品的密度是 _________ g/cm3.由此可知该饰品不是纯金的.

(4)请你提醒同学们一点使用天平时的注意事项: _________ 

答案

(1)E、D、C(2)172.6   10(3)17.26(4)实验中使用天平前要先进行调平,测量过程中要注意左物右码,且用镊子加减砝码。答案不唯一。  每问2分。

题目分析:测固体(不溶于水)的密度原理是ρ=,用天平测出质量m,根据排水法用量筒测出体积V,代入公式即可算出密度,实验中注意:①为防止水对物体质量大小的影响,应先称量待测物体的质量,再测量待测物体的体积;②在调节天平平衡时要将平衡螺母向指针偏转的相反方向调节;③物体的体积通过量筒中两次液面的体积差进行计算.天平的使用规则:根据实验步骤中天平的调平、左物右码都已注意到,且要注意加减砝码时要用镊子.

(1)在测量固体的密度时应先称量待测物体的质量,再测量待测物体的体积(防止水对物体质量大小的影响),所以测量顺序应为:A、B、E、D、C.

(2)物体的质量等于砝码的质量与游码指示的数值之和,由图知,标尺的分度值为0.2g,所以饰品的质量为:m=100g+50g+20g+2.6g=172.6g;饰品的体积等于量筒中两次液面示数的差,所以饰品的体积为:V=70cm3-60cm3=10cm3

(3)饰品的密度ρ=17.26g/cm3

(4)实验中使用天平前要先进行调平,测量过程中要注意左物右码,且用镊子加减砝码.

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     In many countries, unusual names for children are becoming more popular, especially when more and

more stars give their children special names. In Britain, you can call a child almost anything you like except

dirty words.   

     Some parents choose names which come from popular culture. Because of the film the Lord of the Rings

(指环王), six boys were named Gandalf. Names about sport are very common, too. Since 1984, 36 children

have been called Arsenal after the football team.

     Other parents like to make up names, or combine (合并) two names to make a special one. A mother in

Britain invented the name Tiaamii for her daughter. She combined the names Thea and Amy (the two

grandmothers). 

     In China, there are some rules about names ―- you can't use foreign letters or symbols (符号) in a Chinese

name. For example, parents are not allowed to name their baby @. In New Zealand, a name beginning with a

number is not allowed. Other countries have stricter rules about calling children. For example, Japan,

Denmark, Spain, Germany and Argentina have a list of names. Parents must choose the names in the lists for

their children.

     In Britain, some old-fashioned (过时的) names have become popular again, such as Maisie or Ella for a girl,

and Alfie or Noah for a boy. But the most popular names are not the strange ones. The top names are very

traditional--Jack and Thomas for boys, or Grace and Jessica for girls.

1. In Britain, people can't use ______ words in their children's names.

A. strange

B. popular

C. old-fashioned

D. dirty

2. Thirty-six children were called Arsenal because of a ______.

A. movie star

B. football star

C. football team

D. film

3. According to the passage, which of the following names is NOT allowed?

A. Gandulf in Britain

B. Tiaarnii in Britain

C.李@in China

D. Real in New Zealand

4. In ______, people must name their children according to the list.

A. Japan

B. Britain

C. America

D. China

5. From the last paragraph (段落), we know ______ today.

A. you can name a girl Alfie in Britain

B. strange names are the most popular in Britain

C. people don't use old names in Britain

D. the most popular names are the traditional names in Britain

判断题