问题 多项选择题

在决策过程中,选择决策方案应遵循的基本原则有( )。

A.实施该方案所带来的效果大于付出的代价

B.该方案结果符合预定目标的要求

C.实施该方案能控制所有风险

D.能够妥善处理该方案的正负面影响

答案

参考答案:A,B,D

单项选择题

  英国牛津大学的菲利浦·英格兰博士等人认为,4000万年前喜玛拉雅山脉的隆起对今日世界气候格局有着巨大的影响。

  英格兰博士与美国马萨诸塞州理工学院的彼特·摩尔纳博士和法国约瑟夫·富利耶大学的约瑟夫·马蒂诺博士,是上述理论的创导者。越来越多的科学家认为,喜玛拉雅山脉的形成使地球大气中二氧化碳减少,从而促成全球气候变冷,形成今天的全球气候格局。

  在恐龙生活的长达2亿年的时间里,地球上的气候温和而潮湿,近似于今天的热带气候。6500万年以前地球气候由于陨星撞击的影响发生了剧烈变化,但是真正的、更持久的变化还是由于喜玛拉雅山脉的形成。

  在距今7000万年以前,今天的西藏还淹没在海洋下面。约4000万年前由于欧亚大陆板块相撞形成占地球陆地表面面积0.4%的喜玛拉雅山脉。约1000万年以前,喜玛拉雅山脉第二次隆起。由于喜玛拉雅山更高了,印度季风的作用就增强了,从阿拉伯海给山脉南坡带来了暖和潮湿的空气,最后形成降雨。 这种降雨冲刷、风化作用形成了今日喜玛拉雅山的景观。风化作用还改变了大气中的化学构成,减少了大气中的二氧化碳含量。这样地球就把太阳辐射的热量更多地反射回空间,使气温降低。

  二氧化碳溶解于雨水形成轻度酸雨,并同石灰岩、花岗岩发生反应,形成钙、锰和碳酸根离子以及硅。英格兰博士说,即使是少量的喜玛拉雅山岩石溶解也会导致大气中二氧化碳减少,从而使全球气温降低,促使冰河时期出现。

  于是,原来适应高浓度二氧化碳环境的植物就让位于适应低浓度二氧化碳环境的植物。科学家对土壤取样及哺乳动物牙齿的化验也证实了这一点。

  不过,英格兰博士认为,他们的理论不是惟一的解释,其他的解释如洋流的改变,也可能导致历史上的全球气温变冷。

根据上文所述,4000万年前,喜玛拉雅山脉形成,其原因是()

A.二氧化碳的减少

B.欧亚大陆板块相撞

C.阿拉伯海给山脉南坡带来了暖和湿潮的空气,最后形成降雨

D.二氧化碳溶解于雨水形成轻度酸雨并同石灰岩、花岗岩发生反应,形成钙、锰和碳酸根离子以及硅

完形填空
In the doorway of my home, I looked closely at my 23-year-old son, Daniel. In a few hours he would be flying to France to   36  a different life. It was a transitional(过渡的)time in Daniel's life. I wanted to    37  him some words of significance. But nothing came from my lips, and this was not the    38  time I had let such moments pass.
When Daniel was five, I took him to the bus stop on his first day of kindergarten. He asked, “What is it going to be like, Dad? Can I do it?” Then he walked   39  the steps of the bus and disappeared inside. The bus drove away and I said nothing. A decade later, a similar   40 played itself out. I drove him to college. As I started to leave, I tried to think of something to say to give him    41 and confidence as he started this new stage of life. Again, words 42  me.
Now, as I stood before him, I thought of those 43  opportunities. How many times have I let such moments   44 ? I don't find a quiet moment to tell him what they have  45  to me. Or what he might   46  to face in the years ahead. Maybe I thought it was not necessary to say anything.
What does it matter in the course of a lifetime if a father never tells a son what he really thinks of him?    47  as I stood before Daniel, I knew that it did matter. My father and I loved each other. Yet, I always   48  never hearing him put his   49   into words. Now I could feel my palms sweat and my throat tighten. Why is it so   50  to tell a son something from the heart?
My mouth turned dry, and I knew I would be able to get out only a few words clearly. “Daniel,” I said, “If I could have picked, I would have picked you.” That's all I could say. He hugged me. For a moment, the world    51 , and there were just Daniel and me. He was saying something, but tears misted my eyes, and I couldn't understand what he was saying. All I was    52  of was the stubble(短须)on his chin as his face pressed   53  mine. What I had said to Daniel was   54 . It was nothing. And yet, it was  55 .
小题1:
A.experienceB.spendC.enjoyD.shape
小题2:
A.showB.giveC.leaveD.instruct
小题3:
A.lastB.firstC.veryD.next
小题4:
A.upwardB.intoC.downD.up
小题5:
A.signB.sceneC.sceneryD.sight
小题6:
A.interestB.instructionC.courageD.direction
小题7:
A.failedB.discouragedC.struckD.troubled
小题8:
A.futureB.embarrassing C.obviousD.lost
小题9:
A.lastB.passC.flyD.remain
小题10:
A.countedB.meantC.valuedD.eared
小题11:
A.thinkB.wantC.expectD.wish
小题12:
A.ButB.AndC.InsteadD.So
小题13:
A.wonderedB.regretted C.mindedD.tried
小题14:
A.viewsB.actionsC.feelingsD.attitudes
小题15:
A.importantB.essentialC.hardD.complex
小题16:
A.disappearedB.changedC.progressedD.advanced
小题17:
A.sensitiveB.convincedC.awareD.tired
小题18:
A.byB.againstC.onD.with
小题19:
A.clumsyB.gentleC.absurdD.moving
小题20:
A.noneB.allC.anythingD.everything