问题 论述题

企业是从事生产、流通、服务等经济活动,以生产或服务满足社会需要,实行自主经营、独立核算、依法设立的一种盈利性的经济组织。所谓企业管理(Business Management),是指对企业的生产经营活动进行组织、计划、指挥、监督和调节等一系列职能的总称。

材料一 某电子商务公司只用了6年时间,就以每年300%的速度超越行业的所有对手。该公司在不断壮大成长的道路上有如下一些成功的秘诀:公司坚持以“产品、价格、服务”为中心的发展战略,坚持“先人后企”的发展理念,并与众多供应商签署战略合作协议,成立诚信联盟;建立自有快递公司,提高库存周转率,节约了成本,从而提升了公司的竞争力;推出了“价格保护”、“延保服务”等举措,最大限度地解决消费者的后顾之忧;现在,公司获得总额达1.5亿美元的融资,已收购某国外服饰网上购物商城,获得了更优质且更有影响力的国际品牌和供应渠道,正逐步从3C产品扩张到传统百货。

材料二  2010年8月11日上午10:05,内江威远县观英滩镇大山煤矿430水平东大巷采煤工作面发生瓦斯爆炸事故。该矿当班入井总人数110人。截至目前,91人成功升井,已发现4名作业人员不幸遇难,另有10人正在井下协助施救,尚有5人失踪。

(1) 结合材料一,运用《经济生活》知识,分析该公司成功的秘诀。(12分)

(2)结合材料二,运用有关知识,请你就我国企业的安全生产问题谈一谈自己的建议。(9分)

答案

(1)①制定正确的经营战略。该公司坚持以“产品、价格、服务”为中心的发展战略,“先人后企”的发展理念,与供应商签署战略合作协议体现了这一点。 (3分)

②形成自己的竞争优势。该公司建立自有快递公司,提高库存周转率,节约了成本,从而提升了公司的竞争力。(3分)

③注重诚信经营,搞好售后服务,树立良好的信誉和形象。该公司成立诚信联盟,推出了“价格保护”、“延保服务”等举措,解决消费者的后顾之忧体现了这一点。(3分)

④注重规模效益,开拓新市场。材料中该公司获得融资,收购国外服饰网上购物商城,取得其国际品牌和供应渠道,从3G产品扩张到传统百货体现了这一点。(3分)

(2)①国家角度:完善安全领域的法律法规,加强安全宣传教育,加大安全投入,加强企业的监管力度,严惩违反安全生产经营的违法违规行为。(3分)

②企业角度:生产经营者要增加企业安全的投入提高职业意识和社会意识,坚持依法生产经营。(3分)

③劳动者角度:提高自己的安全知识与安全技能,增强自己的安全防范意识,增强自己的法律意识和 * * 意识,利用合法渠道维护自己的人身合法权益不受非法侵犯。(3分)

问答题

(46) It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.
"That may seem like bad news," said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. (47) However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.
The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the "reserve" hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.
(48) Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women aged 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrink age of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex. Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.
"Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage," Coffey said. "People lose (on average) 2.5 percent per decade starting in adulthood."
There is, however, a "remarkable range "of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain tissue loss throughout adulthood.
In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.
(49) Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage.
Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters 11 more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain.
Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. (50) In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.

选择题