问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

休克时儿茶酚胺增加微循环障碍,使组织灌流量减少的作用机制是()

A.仅对血管α受体作用

B.仅对血管β受体作用

C.对α、β受体均起作用

D.对α、β受体都不起作用

E.仅对腹腔血管起作用

答案

参考答案:C

解析:儿茶酚胺对α受体作用引起的血管强烈收缩,在休克发生发展中具有重要意义,但儿茶酚胺特别是肾上腺素对β受体所起的效应也不应忽视,β受体效应表现为微循环动静脉吻合支大量开放,结果是血液越过毛细血管,直接由微动脉进入微静脉,从而使毛细血管的血液灌流量减少,组织缺氧进一步加重,外周阻力进一步降低,这种机制不仅在低阻力型休克发生发展中起作用,在其他类型休克中,也有一定意义。

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Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York—he in computers, she in special education. "Teaching means everything to us", Tim would say. In April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life’s purpose.
Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Doily Patron’s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer’s home town of Sevier, Tennessee. "I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire," Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, "as a reminder."
Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.
The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a look-see. "We didn’t want to give the children rubbish," says Linda. The books-reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists and Dollywood board members-included classics such as Ezra Jack. Keats’s The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney’s Llama series.
Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative "This program introduces us to books I’ve never heard of."
The Richters spend about $400 a month sending hooks to 200 children. "Some people sit there and wait to die," says Tim. "Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.\

What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life

A. His health problem

B. His love for teaching
C. The influence of his wife
D. The news from the Web