问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面两个文言语段,回答问题。

      (甲)陈涉少时,尝与人佣耕,辍耕之垄上,怅恨久之,曰:“苟富贵,无相忘。”佣者笑而应曰:“若为佣耕,何富贵也?”陈涉太息曰:“嗟乎,燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉!”

        二世元年七月,发闾左谪戍渔阳,九百人屯大泽乡。陈胜、吴广皆次当行,为屯长。会天大雨,道不通,度已失期。失期,法皆斩。陈胜、吴广乃谋曰:“今亡亦死,举大计亦死,等死,死国可乎?”陈胜曰:“天下苦秦久矣。吾闻二世少子也,不当立,当立者乃公子扶苏。扶苏以数谏故,上使外将兵。今或闻无罪,二世杀之。百姓多闻其贤,未知其死也。项燕为楚将,数有功,爱士卒,楚人怜之。或以为死,或以为亡。今诚以吾众诈自称公子扶苏、项燕,为天下唱,宜多应者。”吴广以为然。乃行卜。卜者知其指意,曰:“足下事皆成,有功。然足下卜之鬼乎!”陈胜、吴广喜,念鬼,曰:“此教我先威众耳。”乃丹书帛曰“陈胜王”,置人所罾鱼腹中。卒买鱼烹食,得鱼腹中书,固以怪之矣。又间令吴广之次所旁丛祠中,夜篝火,狐鸣呼曰:“大楚兴,陈胜王”。卒皆夜惊恐。旦日,卒中往往语,皆指目陈胜。

      (乙)马援字文渊,扶风茂陵人也。援年十二而孤,少有大志,诸兄奇之。后转游陇汉间,常谓宾客曰:“丈夫为志,穷当益坚,老当益壮。”

        初,援军还,将至,故人多迎劳之。平陵人孟冀,名有计谋,于坐贺援。援谓之曰:“吾望子有善言,反同众人邪?昔伏波 * * 路博德开置七郡,裁封数百户;今我微劳,猥享大县,功薄赏厚,何以能长久乎?先生奚用相济?”冀曰:“愚不及。”援曰:“方今匈奴、乌桓尚扰北边,欲自请击之。男儿当死于边野,以马革裹尸还葬耳,何能卧床上在儿女手中邪!” 左右皆叹服,冀曰:谅为烈士,当如此矣”

  注释①马援:东汉名将。②反同众人邪:反而同众人一样(来吹捧我)吗?③开置七郡:开拓疆土,增设了七郡。④猥:说话人表示谦卑的词。⑤奚用相济:用什么来帮助(我)?⑥谅:想来。

1.解释下列句中画线的词语。

     ①富贵,无相忘                             

     ②皆指目陈胜                              

     ③老当壮                             

     ④确为烈士                             

2.下列句中画线词语意思和用法相同的一项是[ ]

      A.辍耕垄上     故人多迎劳

      B.扶苏数谏故     马革裹尸还葬耳 

      C.男儿当死边野     不求闻达诸侯

      D.百姓多闻贤     安陵君许寡人

3.将文段中画线句子翻译成现代汉语。

     ①今亡亦死,举大计亦死,等死,死国可乎?

                                                                                                                                 

     ②功薄赏厚,何以能长久乎? 

                                                                                                                                  

4.陈涉和马援虽然生活时代不同,人生经历不同,但他们有着共同的精神品质。请根据选文内容简要作概括。

                                                                                                                                                              

5.对甲、乙两段选文内容理解有误的一项是

[ ]

     A.陈涉、吴广决定假称扶苏、项燕的队伍,是为了让起义得到多方面的支持和响应。

     B.文中马援将自己与伏波 * * 路博德相比,意在说明自己和伏波 * * 一样为国建立了不朽功勋,因而赢得人们的称颂。 

    C.两个语段第一节都通过个性化的语言表现主人公独特的性格特征和精神品质,给读者留下深刻的印象。

    D.两个语段在刻画人物上,除了正面描写外,都运用了侧面描写,如甲文中士卒的异常反应,乙文中左右的叹服。

答案

1.①如果;②用手指、用眼看;③更加;④有远大志向的勇士(烈士暮年) 

2.C

3.①现在逃跑也是死,发动大事也是死,同样的死,为国事而死,可以吗?(亡、举大计、等、死)

②(我的)功劳浅薄而赏赐厚重,凭什么能够长久下去呢?(薄、厚、何以)

4.都有远大志向,都有为国献身的精神。

5.B

阅读理解

A fellow speaker from California named Geri flew to Japan, in her favorite jeans and a casual jacket, to give her first speech. Fourteen hours later, four perfectly dressed Japanese gentlemen greeted her at Narita Airport. Smiling and bowing low, they handed her their business cards. With her bag in one hand, Geri took their cards with the other. She thanked them, glanced briefly at the cards, and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.

When the five of them arrived at the hotel, they invited Geri to tea in the lobby (大厅). While sipping tea, the gentlemen presented her with a small gift which she eagerly opened. She was thrilled with the gift and shouted excitedly, “Oh, it’s beautiful!”

At this point, the four Japanese gentlemen stood up and, bowing only very slightly, said “Sayonara” and left immediately. Poor Geri was left astonished. What did she do wrong?

Everything! Her jeans were the first gaffe. Even if you’re coming off a bicycle in Japan, you do not meet c1ients (客人) casually dressed. The second mistake was Geri’s handling of their business cards rudely. In Japan, the business card is one of the most important communicative tools. It is always presented and accepted respectfully with both hands. However, Geri put their cards away much too quickly. In Japan, people use business cards as a conversation starter. You chat about each other’s cards and work and do not put theirs away until they gently and respectfully place yours in safekeeping. Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.

Then, the fourth horror of horrors was that Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients. In a land where saving face is critical, it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received. What is worse, Geri hadn’t even given them a gift!

小题1:In the four Japanese gentlemen’s eyes, Geri took their cards _____________.

A.excitedly

B.embarrassingly

C.politely

D.disrespectfully小题2:Why did the four Japanese gentlemen leave Geri suddenly?

A.Because they couldn’t bear Geri’s behavior any longer.

B.Because they had finished the task.

C.Because Geri had something more important to do.

D.Because Geri felt embarrassed.小题3:What does the underlined word “gaffe” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.ignorance

B.sadness

C.mistake

D.carelessness小题4:The third mistake Geri made was that she _____________.

A.used her own card as a conversation starter

B.took her clients’ cards with one hand

C.kept her clients’ cards in a wrong place

D.met her clients in jeans小题5:What lesson can we draw from this story?

A.Honesty is the best policy.

B.Think twice before you take any action.

C.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

D.Don't claim to know what you don't know.

单项选择题