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材料一：读表1　我国西部某市居民的恩格尔系数(单位：%)

城镇居民农村居民
2005年2006年2007年2008年2005年2006年2007年2008年
39.337.837.237.049.247.545.044.5
注：恩格尔系数指居民家庭食品消费支出占总支出的比重。根据联合国粮农组织的划分标准，恩格尔系数60%以上者是绝对贫困；50%-60%者为温饱；40%-50%者为小康；30%-40%者为富裕；30%以下者为最富裕。

材料二：读表2　我国西部某市居民年人均可支配收入(单位：元)

城镇居民农村居民
2005年2006年2007年2008年2005年2006年2007年2008年
63506750780085702355239025762850
材料三：“采取有针对性的措施，着力解决新生代农民工问题”，这句出自2010年中 * * 一号文件的话，引起全社会的关注。目前我国劳动力市场，新生代农民工（即80后90后农民工）约占70%。与第一代农民工相比，他们不仅要求在打工中挣钱，更希望扎根城市、成为城市中的一员；受教育程度较高、职业期望值高，不愿从事最脏、最累、最“没出息”的工作；思想活跃、有梦想有追求，更加注重个人价值的实现，但缺乏必要的专业技能。

材料四：中央一号文件强调，加强农村基层组织建设，巩固党在农村的执政基础。要推动农村基层党组织工作创新，扩大基层党组织对农村新型组织的覆盖面；提高村党组织带头人队伍素质，注重从专业退伍军人、务工回乡青年、致富能手等党员中选拔村组织书记；以明确责任、考核监督、保障服务为重点，加强乡、村党组织领导班子管理，及时调整软弱涣散农村基层党组织班子；巩固农村基层深入学习实践科学发展观活动成果，建立党员干部受教育、科技发展上水平、农民群众得实惠的长效机制。

（1）材料一、二 分别反映了什么经济现象? 材料一与材料二之间有什么经济联系? （10分）

（2）结合材料二谈谈你怎样看待新生代农民工的人生价值观？（10分）

（3）结合材料三用政治学知识，分析说明在推进农村改革发展中应如何更好的发挥农村基层党组织的作用。（12分）

答案

（1）表1显示：从2005年到2008年，我国居民的恩格尔系数在逐年下降，按照联合国粮农组织的标准，我国农村居民刚刚进入小康；与城市居民相比，农村居民的恩格尔系数较高。（3分）表2显示：从2005年到2008年，我国居民人均可支配收入逐年增长，但城市居民与农村居民人均可支配收入的差距较大；而且这种差距正在扩大。（3分）

从表1与表2之间的关系看，居民恩格尔系数高低与居民可支配收入存在密切联系，城市恩格尔系数比农村低，是因为他们的可支配收入多。农村的恩格尔系数高，因为他们的可支配收入少。（4分）

（2）①人生价值包含两个方面，即个人对社会的责任和贡献，社会对个人的尊重和满足。新生代农民工追求的新型生活方式应该得到社会的理解和尊重。（3分）

②人生的真正价值在于对社会的贡献。新生代农民工应树立正确的人生价值观，在劳动和奉献中创造价值。（3分）

③新生代农民工应在个人和社会的统一中实现价值。把个人的理想和社会的需要结合起来。（2分）

④新生代农民工实现人生价值需要全面提高个人素质，发扬顽强奋斗的精神。（2分）

（3）①要把党的执政能力建设和先进性建设作为主线，提高农村党员干部素质，增强其领导农村经济发展，带动群众致富的本领和能力。（4分）②加强农村基层组织的思想建设，认真开展学习实践科学发展观活动，统一党员的思想，坚定理想信念。（4分）

③要加强以领导班子建设为重点的农村基层组织建设，发挥基层党组织领导发展、服务群众、促进和谐的作用，发挥党员的示范帮带作用，带领农民致富。（4分）

填空题

Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects, and some mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today, others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now. (41) . Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. That kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its climate. (42) Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know nothing. (43) . There were also crablike creatures, whose bodies were covered, with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet. (44) . Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast. (45) . About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals though now extinct, were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings.
[A] The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known
[B] Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils. From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.
[C] The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, or formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.
[D] The best index fossils tend to be marine creature. There animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world.
[E] The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forma are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the star-fishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.
[F] When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.
[G] Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.
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