问题 实验题

淑平同学在我市某食品厂生产的盒装饼干中,发现盒内有一小包东西,其上标有“干燥剂”、“主要成分是生石灰”、“请勿食用”等字样。为了提高自己的实验探究能力,淑平决定对这包干燥剂展开探究。

她将这袋干燥剂全部倒入一定量水中,充分搅拌后,触摸杯壁,感觉有点热。将其过滤,得到白色沉淀物和滤液。

(1)联系到空气成分和CaO的性质,她对白色沉淀物的组成提出了以下假设:

假设1:是CaO和CaCO3的混合物

假设2:是Ca(OH)2和CaCO3的混合物

假设3:只有 CaCO3

假设4:只有Ca(OH)2

其中假设                    (填序号)不合理,原因是                                               (用化学方程式表示)

(2)为了判断其它几种假设的合理性,该同学继续进行实验:

①取少量沉淀物放入试管中,加入稀盐酸,有气泡产生,由此可否定假设                         

②为了得到最后结论,他再取少量沉淀物放在另一支试管中,加入少量水振荡,静置后,滴入酚酞试液,呈红色,说明只有假设                  合理。

(3)从此,淑平同学明白了:

①“请勿食用”是因为该干燥剂吸水后具有                性且                热。

②该干燥剂吸水后会变质,变质后的物质可能是CaCO3。写出CaO变质生成CaCO3的最后一步反应化学方程式                                                  。

③空气中的水份、氧气等能引起食品变质。一般采用                              (写出两种方法)等包装方法可以防止或延缓食品变质。

答案

(1)1;CaO+H2O==Ca(OH)2

(2)①4;②2

(3)① 碱(或腐蚀性);放 

         ② Ca(OH)2+CO2==CaCO3↓+ H2O

         ③充气(如N2)包装,真空包装(或放干燥剂、脱氧剂等合理答案即可)

完形填空
When I was about 12, a girl in my class liked to point out my problems. I was too thin; I wasn’t a good student; I talked too much, I was too   46  , and so on. At last, I became very angry and ran to my father.                                                                                                                                         He listened to me   47  . Then he asked, "Are these things true or not? Do you know what you are really like? Go and make a   48  of what she said and find the   49 that are true."
I did as he told me. To my great   50 , I discovered that about half of the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin). But there were things I could and wanted to change. For the   51  time, I got a clear   52  of myself.
I brought the list back to Dad. He refused to take it. "That’s just for you. " he said, "You know the truth about   53  better than anyone else.  When people say something that is true about you, you should find it helpful. "
Our world is full of people who think they know your business. Don’t   54  your ears and feel   55 . Listen to them.
小题1:
A.beautifulB.proudC.smartD.rich
小题2:
A.bravelyB.happilyC.quicklyD.quietly
小题3:
A.jokeB.programmeC.listD.record
小题4:
A.secretsB.mistakesC.lessonsD.points
小题5:
A.surpriseB.interestC.opinionD.fact
小题6:
A.firstB.secondC.nextD.last
小题7:
A.bookB.pictureC.drawingD.notice
小题8: A. yourselves      B. myself         C, herself       D. yourself
小题9:
A.cleanB.openC.closeD.wash
小题10:
A.hurtB.safeC.prettyD.cheap
选择题