问题 填空题

T、X、Y、Z、R、W为周期表前四周期元素,原子序数依次递增。已知:

①W原子最外层有1个电子,属于ds区元素,其余的均为短周期主族元素;

②T原子所处的周期数、族序数分别与其原子序数相等;

③X的基态原子中电子占据三种能量不同的原子轨道,且每种轨道中的电子数相同;

④Z的基态原子价电子排布为ns2npn+2

⑤R的单质常温常压下是气体,其基态原子的M层上有1个未成对的p电子;

(1)X、Y、Z三种元素的第一电离能由大到小的顺序是     __________ ___(用元素符号表示)。

(2)Y的氢化物分子间能形成氢键,R的氢化物分子间不易形成氢键,原因是              

(3)W的基态原子的价层电子排布式为               ,该元素与元素Y 、T能形成的[W(YT3)4]2+离子中,含有的化学键是      

a.离子键    b.极性键     c.非极性键     d.配位键

画出其结构式_____________

(4) T、X、Z三种元素组成的一种化合物M是新装修居室中常见的有害气体,它的分子式为XT2Z,分子空间构型为平面三角形,则该分子中中心原子采取_____           杂化,1molM分子中σ键和π键的个数比为             

(5) T和Z可以形成个数比为1:1的分子,其中中心原子采取     杂化;通常情况下,该分子与水任意比互溶的主要原因是            

答案

(1)N>O>C (2)Cl的原子半径比N大

(3)S,略 ;b  d    

(4)sp;3:1

(5)sp3        H2O2分子与水分子间形成氢键(相似相溶)

由题意可知:T、X、Y、Z、R、W对应元素为:H、C、N、O、CL、Cu;所以

(1)X、Y、Z三种元素的第一电离能由大到小的顺序是N>O>C

(2)Y的氢化物为氨气,R的氢化物为HCL,氨气分子间易形成氢键,原因是Cl的原子半径比N大;

(3)W的基态原子的价层电子排布式为1s22s22p63s23p63d104s2;该元素与元素Y 、T能形成的[W(YT3)4]2+离子中,含有的化学键是:b  d;其结构式为:

(4)XT2Z的分子式为CH2O,呈平面三角形,则C原子采取sp杂化;1molM分子中σ键和π键的个数比为3:1;

(5)T和Z可以形成个数比为1:1的分子为H2O2;其中中心原子采取sp3杂化,通常情况下,H2O2与水任意比互溶的主要原因是:H2O2分子与水分子间形成氢键(相似相溶)

单项选择题
阅读理解

Five years ago, Wang Baoqiang was a nobody to most Chinese people. However, he is now a household film star in China.

Wang is the youngest child of a poor family in Hebei province . Dreaming of becoming an actor, he left home at the age of 8 to study kung fu at Shaolin Temple, since kung-fu actors seemed to appear most often on the big screen.

At 14, he moved to Beijing for his acting career for the first time, with little money in his pocket. He worked at a construction site(建筑工地)for 20 to 25 yuan per day, and spent his free time standing in front of the Beijing Film Studio, eager to be chosen as temporary(临时的)actors.

This was the most difficult time for the boy. His opportunity finally came one day after he went for a role in the movie “Blind Shaft”. He was chosen to play a young coal miner. The movie won him three prizes in Thailand, France and Taiwan. But his success didn’t make any difference to his life.

That year, he went home for the Spring Festival. He gave his family his earnings from the movie, around US$250 and then returned to Beijing with 500 yuan, the same amount he had when he first set foot in the city. His life was as simple as before.

Thanks to his natural performance in “Blind Shaft,” he was invited by the famous director Feng Xiaogang to act in the film “A World Without Thieves” in 2004, which made him famous

immediately. People called him “Shagen,” the name of his character in the movie.

Wang’s latest work, “Soldiers’ Sortie” has made him the most popular actor on the Chinese mainland . For the actor, it’s a dream coming true.

“Dreams come true. I think my life is exactly a course of pursuing(追求)dreams. No matter how tough one thing is, I can make it as long as I put great effort into it,” he said.

小题1:   Why does Wang Baoqiang leave for Shaolin Temple at his early age ?

A.To study kungfu to build up his strength .

B.He has seen through the human society .

C.To realize his childhood dream to be an actor .

D.To make money in support of his family .小题2:Which of the following films made him win three prizes ?

A.A World Without Thieves

B.Soldiers’ Sortie .

C.Plot Against

D.Blind Shaft小题3:What would be the best title for this passage ?

A.The Movies about Wang Baoqiang

B.Pursuing Dreams

C.How to Become Famous

D.Overnight Well-known