问题 解答题

如图表示人体的某种免疫过程,据图回答问题:

(1)图中的吞噬细胞是一种______细胞.

(2)图示过程是人体防疫的第______道防线,该道防线还包括体液中的______.

(3)这道防线的作用特点是______,因此该过程属于______(填“非特异性免疫”或“特异性免疫”)

答案

(1)白细胞可以作变形运动,身体某处有病菌时,白细胞会穿过毛细血管壁,吞噬病菌,防御疾病.所以图中的吞噬细胞是一种白细胞.

(2)图表示血液中的吞噬细胞对侵入人体的病原体的杀灭作用,它们均属于人体的第二道防线;另外人唾液或血液中的溶菌酶能使侵入人体的病原体溶解死亡,也是人体的第二道防线;体液中的杀菌物质和吞噬细胞构成了人体的第二道防线.

(3)第二道防线,是人生来就有的,针对所有的病原体起作用,属于非特异性免疫.

故答案为:(1)白.

(2)二;杀菌物质.

(3)人生来就有的,对多种病原体都有防御作用;非特异性免疫.

实验题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     A few years ago, Paul Gerner began to gather a group of architects in Las Vegas to ask them what it

would take to design a public school that used 50 percent less energy, cost much less to build and obviously

improved student learning. "I think half of then fell off their chairs," Gerner says.

     Gerner manages school facilities (设施) for Clark county, Nevada, a district roughly the size of

Massachusetts. By 2018, 143, 000 additional students will enter the already crowded public-education system.

Gerner needs 73 new schools to house them. Four architecture teams have nearly finished designing primary

school prototypes (样品); They plan to construct their schools starting in 2009. The district will then assess

how well the schools perform, and three winners will copy those designs in 50 to 70 new buildings.

     Green schools are appearing all over, but in Clark County, which stands out for its vastness, such

aggressive targets are difficult because design requirements like more natural light for students go against the

realities of a desert climate. "One of the biggest challenges is getting the right site orientation (朝向)," Mark

McGinty, a director at SH Architecture, says. His firm recently completed a high school in Las Vegas. "You

have the same building, same set of windows, but if its orientation is incorrect and it faces the sun, it will be

really expensive to cool."

     Surprisingly, the man responsible for one of re most progressive green-design competitions has doubts

about ideas of eco-friendly buildings. "I don't believe in the new green religion," Gerner says. "Some of the

building technologies that you get are impractical. I'm interested in those that work." But he wouldn't mind

if some green features inspire students. He says he hopes to set up green energy systems that allow them to

learn about the process of harvesting wind and solar power." "You never know what's going to start the

interest of a child to study math and science," he says.

1. How did the architects react to Garner's design requirements?

A. They lost balance in excitement.

B. they showed strong disbelief.

C. they expressed little interest.

D. they burst into cheers.

2. Which order of steps is followed in carrying out the project?

A. Assessment-Prototype-Design-Construction.

B. Assessment-Design-Prototype-Construction.

C. Design-Assessment-Prototype-Construction.

D. Design-Prototype-Assessment-Construction.

3. What makes it difficult to build green schools in Clark County?

A. The large size.

B. Limited facilities.

C. The desert climate.

D. Poor natural resources.

4. What does Gerner think of the ideas of green schools?

A. They are questionable.

B. They are out of date.

C. They are advanced.

D. They are practical.