问题 填空题

(12分)写出下列有机物的系统命名或结构简式:

(1)                 (2)

___________________________          _________________________

(3)2,2-二甲基-3-乙基己烷                    (4)2-甲基-2-丁烯

___________________________          _________________________

答案

(1)2,3—二甲基戊烷 (2)2,4,-二甲基己烷

(3)(CH3)3CCH(C2H5)CH2CH2CH3  (4)(CH3)2C=CHCH3

烷烃的命名原则是:找出最长的碳链当主链,依碳数命名主链,前十个以天干(甲、乙、丙...)代表碳数,碳数多于十个时,以中文数字命名,如:十一烷;从最近的取代基位置编号:1、2、3...(使取代基的位置数字越小越好)。以数字代表取代基的位置。数字与中文数字之间以-隔开;有多个取代基时,以取代基数字最小且最长的碳链当主链,并依甲基、乙基、丙基的顺序列出所有取代基;有两个以上的取代基相同时,在取代基前面加入中文数字:一、二、三...,如:二甲基,其位置以 , 隔开,一起列于取代基前面。如果含有官能团,则含有官能团的最长碳链作主链,编号也是从离官能团最近的一端开始。

阅读理解

Scientists find that hardworking people live longer than average men and women.Career (职业)women are healthier than housewives.Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than the jobholders.An investigation shows that whenever the unemployment rate increases by 1%,the death rate increases by 2%.All this comes down to one point.work is helpful to health.

Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy away from loneliness.Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and lonely when they have nothing to do.Instead the happiest are those who are busy.Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard.Work serves as a bridge between man and reality. By work people come into contact with each other.By collective(集体的)activity they find friendship and warmth.This is helpful to health.The loss of work means the loss of everything.It affects man spiritually and makes him ill.

Besides,work gives one a sense of achievement.Work makes one feel his value in society.When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond words.

From the above we can come to the conclusion that the more you work the happier and healthier you will be.Let us work hard and study hard and live a happy and healthy life.

1.What may be the reason why housewives are not as healthy as career women?

A.Housewives are poorer than career women.

B.Housewives have more children than career women.

C.Housewives have less chance to communicate with others.

D.Housewives eat less food than career women.

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 2 ?

A.Busy people have nothing to do at home.

B.High achievers don’t care about their families.

C.There is no friendship and warmth at home.

D.A satisfying job helps to keep you healthy.

3.The best title for this passage may be “               ”

A.People Should Find a Job

B.Working Hard Is Good for Happiness and Health

C.People Should Make More Friends by Work

D.The Loss of Work Means the Loss of Life

单项选择题