问题 选择题

目前预防甲型H1N1流感的疫苗已研制成功,通过志愿者进行接种实验,各项指标正常。试分析,志愿者所接种疫苗和体内发生的免疫反应分别是

A.抗原、非特异性免疫

B.抗原、特异性免疫

C.抗体、非特异性免疫

D.抗体、特异性免疫

答案

答案:B

题目分析:抗原,是指病原体侵入人体后,刺激淋巴细胞产生一种抵抗该病原体的特殊蛋白质即抗体,引起淋巴细胞产生抗体的病原体就是抗原.抗原包括进入人体的微生物等病原体、异物、异体器官等.

抗体是指病原体侵入人体后,刺激淋巴细胞产生一种抵抗该病原体的特殊蛋白质,可与相应抗原发生特异性结合的免疫球蛋白.主要分布在血清中,也分布于组织液及外分泌液中.抗体都是免疫球蛋白,但并非所有免疫球蛋白都是抗体.

特异性免疫是指第三道防线,产生抗体,消灭抗原,是出生后才有的,只能对特定的病原体有防御作用.是患过这种病或注射过疫苗后获得的,这种免疫只针对一种或几种病原体有免疫作用.如患过天花的人,不在患天花病.

非特异性免疫是生来就有的,人人都有,能对多种病原体有免疫作用.包括第一、二道防线.接种的“非典”的疫苗,进入人体后,会刺激淋巴细胞,产生抵抗非典病毒的抗体,这种抗体只能消灭非典病毒,对其它的病毒无效.因此接种的“非典”的疫苗,属于抗原,而体内发生的免疫反应属于特异性免疫.

完形填空

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。

注意:如果选E 请涂 AB ; F请涂 AC; G请涂AD .

When people get a bad toothache, they often have to eat soft, easily chewed food.  ___小题1:__ That’s the conclusion of a zoologist at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago and a dentist who works on carnivores (食肉动物).

___小题2:__ Every once in a while, however, a lion will go on a human-eating diet.  The most famous such tragedy happened in 1898, when two lions killed and ate 135 railway workers in Kenya. 

Examining the preserved skulls of the two big lions, zoologist Bruce Patterson and dentist Ellis Neiburger found that both animals had been suffering from several dental and jaw problems. ___小题3:___ Canines are pointed teeth that hunting animals use for gripping and piercing prey . 

The two lions might have been so badly disabled that they couldn’t bite down forcefully, say the researchers. Consequently, the lions might have abandoned their normal, more difficult prey and turned to humans.  Patterson said “____小题4:_____ We’re very slow, we don’t hear very well, and we don’t see very well in the darkness.”

______小题5:____ It was inspired partly by the work of Jim Corbett, a tiger hunter in India in the 1930s.  Corbett was regularly called in to hunt tigers that had been dining on Indian villagers. Time after time, Patterson discovered that the killer tigers were suffering from some ill-healthy conditions.

 

注意:如果选E 请涂 AB ; F请涂 AC; G请涂AD .

A. Humans are easy preys.

B. Lions don’t normally prey on people.

C. When lions get a bad toothache, they eat people

D. One lion had three missing teeth and a loose, unsteady lower canine that was probably useless.

E. The research calls their idea the Infirmity Theory.

F. He had absolutely no experience taking medicine.

G. Talking about it in the abstract isn’t enough.

判断题