问题 选择题

斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》中写道:“欧洲……令人欣慰的景象却被突然到来的大萧条(始于1929年)给彻底破坏了……在西方的经济确实是一团糟的同时,苏联正在继续进行经济发展方面的独特实验”下列选项中属于“独特实验”的是   (  )

A.实行战时 * * 主义政策

B.实施新经济政策

C.开创斯大林模式

D.推行赫鲁晓夫改革

答案

答案:C

题目分析:本题主要考查学生运用所学知识解决问题的能力。战时 * * 主义政策的时间为1918——1920年,新经济政策的时间为1921——1928年,赫鲁晓夫改革的时间开始于1956年,因此ABD三项均与材料所给时间不符。根据所学可知,此时斯大林正在领导苏联开展工业化和农业集体化,最终形成斯大林模式,因此C项正确。学生应该准确把握苏联社会主义建设发展过程。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成19—22题。(18分)

灯火的温情

叶延滨

不知是不是每个人都会有这么一段经历,在记忆中留下一段对黑暗很深的、难以忘怀的感触,我把这种感触叫做:“荒野无灯。”小时候怕黑,怕一个人呆在家里,怕窗外那些与神怪故事相连的响动。这种恐惧不是对黑暗本身,而是对藏在黑夜里的鬼怪的敬畏。长大了,常走夜路,在乡间,一次又一次地强化了我对黑暗的印象。天地浑然与漆黑的夜幕之中,天上无星无月,有时飘洒一些无端的雨丝,黑影幢幢,或是浓云或是山影或是树阴,黑暗在你面前悄然分开,又在你背后迅速合拢,只有路面上的水洼是亮的。这时候,我往往疾走如飞,目光朝着前方茫然地搜索,直至一盏灯像萤火飞进心田,猛地点燃温暖全身的火——一种热爱和感激之情。

人生之旅,总会经常穿行于荒野无灯的境界,如火车会钻进漆黑的隧洞。当列车在长长的隧洞中穿行时,虽然身处险境,但作为乘车人,我们处之泰然,泰然是因为一种信任感和依赖感。是的,我们处于这个闹哄哄的世界,常常身处黑暗而不惊,有时来自一种盲目依赖和盲目信任。因为无知,反而坦然地生活于黑暗中,哪管死神正盯着自己。

孤绝是一种人生境界,它对我们所产生的影响,远远超过了独行夜路所带给我们的刺激。有时候我身处闹市,四周是熙熙攘攘的人群,两旁是红红绿绿的彩灯,而我却如处荒野,心里刮着凄冷的风。谁都可能产生这种体验,你明明被这个世界紧紧搂着,然而内心却感到自己是无人理睬的弃儿。不仅在闹市里,甚至在熟悉的人群中,也会有这种孤绝感。那些熟悉的脸一下子变得陌生了,没有一张嘴对你说真话,没有一双眼睛使你感到温暖,无靠无助的感觉紧紧攫住你的心,从环境到心境,都真是“荒野无灯”。乞助和寻求怜悯是常被人采取的解脱方法,可惜这种解脱是以出卖或出让尊严与自信为代价的。人生之旅常常有一段难以摆脱的黑暗,它对每个人都同样严酷。这种黑暗也许是一个大时代的国家民族的浩劫,个人只分担了其中的一份;这种黑暗也许只是个人命运中的小插曲,诸如失恋、被诬、疾病等等,

对其他人而言是微不足道的琐事。然而每个人在通过这段黑暗时所产生的心境是不同的,解脱的方式也会各异。

说到这里,我可以认为人是有灵魂的,因为我们平素看不到的内心世界,在这个时候往往会显眼,会左右我们的言行。柳宗元的《江雪》一诗,应该是孤绝心境的最美描绘。“千山鸟飞绝,万径人踪灭”-----在此绝灭之境,能心平气和地垂钓,是一种境界,能够不与人为伍的独钓又是一种境界,而能在绝灭孤独之中钓寒江之雪,乃是最高境界。以前老师讲课总说这是诗人失意心态的写照。其实,人难免不失意,失意时不失人格,不失风骨,不失高洁,才可独居寒冷的江峡中,成为高天银雪世界的唯一自持者。假如你在蓑笠翁的位置,会如何呢?我曾问自己。我说,我不如他,我不会怕冷,却会怕这荒野没有一盏唤我归去的灯……

(文章有删改)

小题1:.作者在文章开头详细叙述了自己走乡间夜路的经历,这样写有什么好处?(4分)

小题2:.第一、三段都出现了“荒野无灯”,请分别指出它们在文中的具体含义。(4分)

小题3:.作者最后说:“我不会怕冷,却会怕这荒野没有一盏唤我归去的灯……”你怎样理解这句话在文中的深刻含意?(5分)

小题4:.作者说人在孤绝的环境中,往往容易采取酗酒、乞助和寻求怜悯等方式来解脱自己。你怎样看等这种人生态度?假若你处在这样的环境又会如何?请联系全文谈谈你的看法。(5分)

阅读理解

TS said that everyone has a changing circle of friends. However, no matter how frequently we renew our phone books, some names always remain. These names remind us of the good times we spent together with our friends. Though we may not see them every  day, they will always stay in our hearts.

Tom was often called "Big Head" at school because of his extraordinarily large head. He was one of my close friends at primary school. But since graduation, we have been studying in different cities and haven't seen each other for a long time.

Several days ago, I received an e-mail saying that my former classmates from primary school were holding a party to get together and chat about past memories. I was so excited because [ would get to see Tom again. What would he look like now? Would we still feel as close to each other as we had done back then? I was a little frightened about what I would find.

When I arrived at the party, I did manage to recognize Tom. However, he was much taller than he had been before. What's more, his head was no longer big.

"Hi, Buddy. Do you recognize me?" Tom walked towards me.

"Of course. How could I ever forget our ' Big Head' ," I said jokingly, "But where has your big head gone?"

"Haha, maybe it didn't keep up with the steps of time and stayed in the past," Tom patted his own head and answered with a laugh.

All my misgivings suddenly disappeared. I realized that time had changed us outwardly, but our friendship hadn't changed at all. I chatted happily with Tom about our shared experiences in primary school.

Then I looked around the small room and saw different faces, both familiar and unfamiliar, but none of them the faces of strangers. The whole party was filled with a warm atmosphere. Everyone was lost in the sweet memories of childhood. They forgot all their present-day stresses and pressures.

"Hey, what are you thinking about? Come and get some pizza!" A call from a friend woke me up from my thoughts. I hurried towards the table. "Wait! That biggest piece is mine!"

小题1:Why are some names always in our phone books?

A.Because everyone has a changing circle of friends.

B.Because we sometimes forget to renew phone books.

C.Because we'll never forget some of our friends.

D.Because our circle of friends will not change.小题2:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.Tom has changed a lot since primary school.

B.Tom invited the author to the get-together party by email.

C.The author recognized Tom immediately because of his big head.

D.Tom couldn't recognize the author at the first sight.小题3:What does the underlined word "misgiving" mean (in para. 8 )?

A.expectation and excitement

B.worries and doubts

C.stresses and pressures

D.shyness and nervousness小题4:The author writes the last paragraph to show

A.others can't understand what the author is thinking about

B.The pizzas are not adequate for everyone in the party

C.the author wants to have a big pizza very much

D.the author enjoys the warm atmosphere of the party greatly小题5:Which of the following proverbs can be used to conclude this passage.'?

A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.

B.Time reveals a person's heart.

C.Friends are like wine; the older, the better.

D.A faithful friend is hard to find.