问题 选择题

20世纪80年代,英国首相撒切尔夫人曾说:“(我们的)社会有一个梯子和一张安全网,梯子用来供人们自己努力改善生活,安全网则用来防止人们跌入深渊。”可见西方推行社会福利制度的主要目的是

A.通过实行民主社会主义,暂缓阶级矛盾

B.提高生产部门的劳动积极性,刺激经济和生产的持续发展

C.实行社会保障制度,显示资本主义社会的优越性

D.防止由于人民极端贫困、社会两极分化过于明显而造成社会动乱

答案

答案:D

题目分析:本题考查材料解析能力。从材料中“防止人们跌入深渊”可知,福利制度推行的目的是防止社会两极分化过于明显,故选D项。A项与材料无关,B项是对“梯子”的解释,C项明显不符合逻辑,排除。

判断题
单项选择题

Americans usually consider themselves a friendly people. Their friendships, however, tend to be shorter and more casual than friendships among people from other cultures. It is not uncommon for Americans to have only one close friend during their life-time, and consider other "friends" to be just social acquaintances. This attitude probably has something to do with American mobility and the fact that Americans do not like to be dependent on other people. They tend to "compartmentalize" friendships, having "friends at work" ,"friends on the softball team", "family friends", etc.

Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people always seem to be on the go. In this highly charged atmosphere, Americans can sometimes seem brusque or impatient. They want to get to know you as quickly as possible and then move on to something else. Sometimes, early on, they will ask you questions that you may feel are very personal. No insult is intended; the questions usually grow out of their genuine interest or curiosity, and their impatience to get to the heart of the matter. And the same goes for you. If you do not understand certain American behavior or you want to know more about them, do not hesitate to ask them questions about themselves. Americans are usually eager to explain all about their country or anything "American" in which you may be interested. So much so in fact that you may become tired of listening. It doesn’t matter, because Americans tend to be uncomfortable with silence during a conversation. They would rather talk about the weather or the latest sports scores, for example, than deal with silence.

On the other hand, don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs, unless those subjects directly involve the United States. Because the United States is not surrounded by many other nations, some Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world.

According to the passage, Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world because()

A. they are not interested in other countries

B. they are too proud of themselves

C. their country does not have many neighboring nations

D. they are too busy to learn about other countries