问题 填空题

爱情是什么?爱情是毒药.专家通过研究发现:大脑中心贮藏一种恋爱兴奋剂----多巴胺.当一对男女一见钟情或产生爱慕之情时,多巴胺就源源不断地分泌出来,于是爱情势不可挡地汹涌而出.多巴胺结构如图:

(1)多巴胺分子式:______.

(2)判断多巴胺能发生的化学反应______.

A.加成   B.取代       C.氧化        D.水解

(3)写出与多巴胺互为同分异构体且符合下列条件的物质的结构简式:

(a)属于1、3、5三取代苯        (b)苯环上直接连有一个氨基

(c)分别能与钠和氢氧化钠反应,消耗钠与氢氧化钠的物质的量之比为2:1.______.

(4)多巴胺可由香兰素与硝基甲烷缩合,再经锌汞齐还原水解而得.合成过程表示如下:

Ⅰ、写出下列反应类型:反应①______,反应②______.

Ⅱ、A的结构简式:______.

Ⅲ、写出香兰素与浓溴水反应的化学方程式(醛基不参与反应):______.

答案

(1)由结构简式可知该有机物中含有8个C、11个H、2个O以及1个N,则分子式为C8H11O2N,故答案为:C8H11O2N;

(2)多巴胺中含有酚羟基和氨基,可发生取代和氧化反应,含有苯基,可发生加成反应,不含有能水解的官能团,故答案为:ABC;

(3)分别能与钠和氢氧化钠反应,消耗钠与氢氧化钠的物质的量之比为2:1,说明分子中很有2个-OH,其中1个为酚羟基,结合题目要求可知同分异构体为

故答案为:

(4)由反应②和③可确定A为

Ⅰ.根据官能团的变化可知反应①为加成反应,反应②为消去反应,故答案为:加成反应;消去反应;

Ⅱ.有以上分析可知A为

,故答案为:

Ⅲ、香兰素中含有酚羟基,且只有1个邻位H原子可被取代,则与浓溴水反应的方程式为

故答案为:

单项选择题
单项选择题

Now which are the animals really to be pitied in captivity First, those clever beings whose lively urge for activity can find no outlet behind the bars of the cage. This is most conspicuous, even for the uninitiated, in the case of animals which, when living in a free state, are accustomed to roaming about widely. Owing to this frustrated desire, foxes and wolves housed, in many old-fashioned zoos, in cages which are far too small, are among the most pitiable of all caged animals.
Though pinioned swans generally seem happy, under proper care, by hatching and rearing their young without any trouble, at migration time things become different: they repeatedly swim to the lee side of the pond, in order to have the whole extent of its surface at their disposal, trying to take off. Again and again the grand preparations end in a pathetic flutter of their half wings ; a truly sorry picture !
This, however, rarely awakens the pity of the zoo visitor, least of all when such an originally highly intelligent and mentally alert animal has deteriorated, in confinement, into a crazy idiot, a very caricature of its former self. Sentimental old ladies, the fanatical sponsors of the societies for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, have no compunction in keeping a grey parrot in a relatively small cage or even chained to a perch. Together with the large corvines, the parrots are probably the only birds which suffer from that state of mind, common to prisoners, namely, boredom.

According to the author, swans in captivity are ______.

A.happy unless their wings have been cut

B.happy most of the time, but unhappy sometimes

C.unhappy most of the time

D.only happy when they are bringing up families