问题 问答题

[化学-选修有机化学基础]

Ⅰ.对羟基肉桂酸是一种强效的导电材料,在液晶显示器工业中近年来研究广泛.结构简式如图(1)该有机物的分子式为______,其中含氧官能团的名称是______.

(2)该有机物能发生的反应类型是(填写代号)______.

A.氧化反应       B.消去反应       C.加聚反应       D.水解反应

一定条件下,1mol该有机物与H2完全加成时,最多需要______mol H2

Ⅱ.芳香族化合物C10H10O2有如下的转化关系:

已知E能使Br2/CCl4溶液褪色.请回答下列问题:

(3)请分别写出A、E的结构简式:A______、E______.

(4)若有机物F与C互为同分异构体,则与有机物B互为同系物的F的同分异构体有______ 种.

(5)请写出B→C反应的化学方程式:______.

答案

Ⅰ(1)根据对羟基肉桂酸的结构简式可知,其分子式为C9H8O3,由结构简式可知,含有羟基、羧基、碳碳双键,故答案为:C9H8O3,羟基、羧基、碳碳双键;

(2)该有机物含有酚羟基,含有碳碳双键,能发生氧化反应,含有碳碳双键,可以发生加聚反应,不能发生消去反应与水解反应.苯环与碳碳双键可以与氢气发生加成反应,一定条件下,1mol该有机物与4molH2完全加成,

故答案为:AC,4;

Ⅱ、C发生加聚反应生成(C4H6O2n,故C的分子式为C4H6O2,B与甲醇反生成C,C属于酯,不饱和度为2,故C为CH2=CH-COOCH3,B为CH2=CH-COOH,芳香族化合物A(C10H10O2)在浓硫酸、加热条件下生成B与

,故A含有酯基,A为

与足量的氢气反应生成D,故D为

,D在浓硫酸、加热条件下生成E,E能使Br2/CCl4溶液褪色,故发生消去反应,E为

(3)由上述分析可知,A为

,E为

故答案为:

(4)C为CH2=CH-COOCH3,B为CH2=CH-COOH,有机物F与C互为同分异构体,与有机物B互为同系物的F的同分异构体,

F含有C=C双键、-COOH,符合条件的F的结构有:CH2=CHCH2COOH,CH3CH=CHCOOH,CH2=C(CH3)COOH,

故答案为:3;

(5)B→C是CH2=CH-COOH与甲醇发生酯化反应生成CH2=CH-COOCH3,反应的化学方程式为:

CH2=CHCOOH+CH3OH

浓硫酸
CH2=CHCOOCH3+H2O,故答案为:CH2=CHCOOH+CH3OH
浓硫酸
CH2=CHCOOCH3+H2O.

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
阅读理解

One night about nine o’clock, Dr. Eyck, a surgeon, had a phone call from Dr. Haydon at the hospital in Clens Falls. The surgeon was asked to go there at once to operate on a very sick boy who shot himself while playing with a gun.

The doctor was soon on his way to Clens Falls. It was 60 miles away. And it was snowing heavily in the city. The surgeon thought he could get there before 12 o’clock.

A few minutes later, the doctor was stopped by a man in an old black coat. Gun in hand, the man ordered the doctor to get out. Then the man drove the car down the road, leaving the doctor in the falling snow.

It was after 2 o’clock in the morning when the doctor arrived at the hospital in Clens Falls. Dr. Haydon told him that the boy had died an hour before.

The two doctors walked by the door of the hospital waiting room. There sat the man in the old black coat with his head in his hands.

“Mr. Cuninghan,” said Dr. Haydon to the man, “This is Dr. Eyck. He is the surgeon who walked all the way from Albany to save your boy.”

小题1:Dr. Haydon asked Dr. Eyck to come to Clens Falls because _____.

A.Dr. Eyck knew the boy was wounded by a shot

B.The boy needed the help of a surgeon

C.Dr. Eyck was the boy’s father

D.Dr. Eyck was Haydon’s friend小题2:The surgeon was late because ________.

A.he was stopped by the police

B.the weather was rather terrible

C.Clens Falls was too far from Albany

D.his car was taken away小题3:Choose the right order of the following events given in the story.

a. Dr. Eyck was asked to come to the hospital in Clens Falls.

b. Dr. Eyck arrived at the hospital.

c. The boy shot himself.                    d. The boy died.

e. The man in an old coat reached the hospital.  f. Dr. Eyck was robbed of his car.

A.c, e, f, a, b, d

B.a, c, f, d, b, e

C.c, a, f, e, d, b

D.a, c, f, e, d, b小题4:The boy could have been saved if ______.

A.he had not been sent to the hospital

B.his father hadn’t arrived in time

C.Dr.Eyck had arrived earlier than the man

D.Dr. Eyck had arrived there two hours earlier