问题 填空题

对乙酰氨基酚,俗称扑热息痛(Paracetamol),具有很强的解热镇痛作用,工业上通过下列方法合成(B1和B2、C1和C2分别互为同分异构体,无机产物略去):

请按要求填空:

(1)扑热息痛中含有的官能团有______(填名称),其分子中有______种化学环境不同的氢原子.

(2)写出反应①的方程式______反应类型______

(3)反应②中生成的主要产物为______(填B1或B2),其判断的依据为______

(4)工业上设计反应①、②、③,而不是只通过反应②得到C1、C2,其目的是______.

(5)扑热息痛有很多同分异构体,符合下列要求的同分异构体有5种:(Ⅰ)是对位二取代苯;(Ⅱ)苯环上两个取代基一个含氮不含碳、另一个含碳不含氮;(Ⅲ)两个氧原子与同一原子相连.其中2种的结构简式是

 和

,写出另3种同分异构体的结构简式______.

答案

苯酚和CH3I发生取代反应生成

,与硝酸发生硝化反应生成

,与HI发生取代反应,则C1

,C2

,D为

,则

(1)扑热息痛中含有肽键和酚羟基官能团,根据

可知,含有5种不同的H,

故答案为:肽键和酚羟基;5;

(2)苯酚和CH3I发生取代反应生成

,方程式为

+CH3I

一定条件

+HI,

故答案为:

+CH3I

一定条件

+HI;取代反应;

(3)反应②中生成的主要产物为B1,即

,可通过一系列反应生成对乙酰氨基酚,原因是基团间相互影响,分子中醚基的空间位阻大,使得对位更容易取代,

故答案为:B1;基团间相互影响,分子中醚基的空间位阻大,使得对位更容易取代;

(4)C1、C2含有酚羟基,易被硝酸氧化,应先生成醚基,防止被氧化,

故答案为:保护酚羟基不被硝酸氧化;

(5)含N基团可为氨基或硝基,当为氨基时,含碳基团可为羧基或酯基,当为硝基时,对位应为乙基,可能的结构还有

故答案为:

单项选择题
阅读理解

Earlier, in the old days, women used to sit at home separated from the outside world. They used to manage the home and look after children. They were free of the responsibility of earning money to support the family, which was left to men.

With the coming of industrialization (工业化) and technological development, the lifestyles of human beings started to change. The needs of human beings started to grow. In this process, women slowly started to move outside the home. Women received the same education as men. Gradually, women slowly started to think independently and participated equally with men in all fields of life, including politics, sports and even military.

With changing environments, the role of women has become more important in society. To match today’s standard of living, it is necessary for both men and women to support the family.

Today, women have been given bigger roles to play in society. They are even taking more responsibility than men. At first, men disagreed with women pursuing (追求) their careers outside the home. However, with growing needs and a shortage of money, they had no other way but to accept the reality.

The financial contributions from women to their families have increased, but in some places, the home is still managed only by women as in the past. It is a challenging task for women to manage both. Women are bearing the stress and suffering mental difficulties with both managing the home and pursuing their careers.

小题1:The best title for the passage would be _________.

A.Women's Responsibility in Society

B.The Changing Social Environments

C.The Changing Role of Women in Society

D.Women's Financial Contributions小题2:Earlier in the old days, women used to do the following EXCEPT _________.

A.wash clothes

B.prepare dinners

C.look after children

D.make money for the family小题3:We can infer from the last paragraph that ______.

A.women don't need to manage the home today

B.women are taking more responsibility than before

C.men still disagree with women pursuing their careers

D.men have begun to do more housework than women