问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读文段,回答问题。

《论语》十则

  子曰:“学而时习之,不亦说乎?有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎?”(《学而》)

  曾子曰:“吾日三省吾身:为人谋而不忠乎?与朋友交而不信乎?传不习乎?”(《学而》)

  子曰:“温故而知新,可以为师矣。”(《为政》)

  子曰:“学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。”(《为政》)

  子曰:“由,诲女知之乎!知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。”(《为政》)

  子曰:“见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也。”(《里仁》)

  子曰:“三人行,必有我师焉。择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之。”(《述而》)

  曾子曰:“士不可以不弘毅,任重而道远。仁以为己任,不亦重乎?死而后已,不亦远乎?”(《泰伯》)

  子曰:“岁寒,然后知松柏之后凋也。”(《子罕》)

  子贡问曰:“有一言而可以终身行之者乎?”

  子曰:“其恕乎!己所不欲,勿施于人。”(《卫灵公》)

1.请指出下列句中的通假字并解释。

不亦说乎。___________________

由,诲女知之乎。_____________

是知也。_____________________

2.解释下列加粗的词。

人不知而不:(   )

不习乎:(   )

思而不学则:(   )

恕乎:(   )

3.子曰:"三人行,必有我师焉,择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之"这句话的主要意思是(  )

A.要向所有的人学习,学习好的,不要学坏样。

B.三个人在一起走路,其中必定有能够做我老师的人。

C.每个人都有值得我学习的地方。

D.别人的优点应该学习,别人的缺点应该引以为戒。

4.翻译下面的文言句子:

①知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。

________________________________________

②学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。

________________________________________

答案

1.说通悦,愉快的意思;女通汝,人称代词你;知通智,聪明。

2.生气,发怒;老师传授的知识;有害;大概,也许。

3.A

4.①知道就是知道,不知道就是不知道,这才是聪明智慧的表现。

  ②只读书而不肯动脑思考,就会感到迷惑,只是一味空想而不肯读书,就会精神倦怠而无所得。(意对即可)

阅读理解

One’s style of the dress reveals the human obsession with both novelty and tradition. People use clothing to declare their membership in a particular social group; however, the rules for what is acceptable dress for that group may change. In affluent societies, this changing of the rules is the driving force behind fashions. By keeping up with fashions, that is, by changing their clothing style frequently but meanwhile, members of a group both satisfy their desire for novelty and obey the rules, thus demonstrating their membership in the group.

There are some interesting variations (变种) regarding individual status. Some people, particularly in the West, consider themselves of such high status that they do not need to display it with their clothing. For example, many wealthy people in the entertainment industry appear in very casual clothes, such as the worn jeans and work boots of a manual laborer. However, it is likely that a subtle but important signal, such as an expensive wristwatch, will prevail over the message of the casual dress. Such an inverted (颠倒的)status display is most likely to occur where the person’s high status is conveyed in ways other than with clothing, such as having a famous face.

小题1:According to the author, fashions serve all the following purposes EXCEPT

A.satisfying an interest in novelty

B.signaling a change in personal beliefs

C.displaying membership in a social group

D.following traditional rules小题2:Why does the author discuss individual status in paragraph 2?

A.To state that individual’s status is not important in the West

B.To argue that individuals need not obey every fashion rule

C.To contrast the status of entertainers with that of manual laborers

D.To explain how high status may involve an inverted status display小题3:What’s the meaning of the underlined word?

A.newness

B.convention

C.nobleness

D.benzene

单项选择题