问题 单项选择题 A1型题

外科应用抗菌药物时,正确的是()

A.抗菌药物的剂量一般按年龄计算

B.应用抗菌药物后,可以减免一些外科处理

C.所有的外科感染均需应用抗菌药物

D.外科感染时,一般情况下首选广谱抗生素并联合用药

E.手术的预防性用药应在术前1小时或麻醉开始时静脉滴入,一般均在术后24小时内停药

答案

参考答案:E

解析:

外科感染并非均需应用抗菌药物,仅用在严重的急性感染或特异性感染时。使用抗菌药物不能取代及时正确的外科处理。药物的剂量一般按体重计算。年龄、肾功能等可结合考虑,而且一般情况下,可单用者不联合用药,可用窄谱抗菌药物者不用广谱抗菌药物。一些手术的预防用药应是术前1小时或麻醉开始时静脉滴入,一般在术后24小时内停药。

填空题
阅读理解

In a moment of personal crisis, how much help can you expect from a New York taxi driver? I began studying this question and answers are interesting.

One morning, I got into three different taxis and announced,“Well,it's my first day back in New York in seven years.I've been in prison.”Not a single driver replied,so I tried again.“Yeah,I shot a man in Reno.”I explained, hoping the driver would ask me why, but nobody asked.The only response came from a Ghanaian driver,“Reno? That is in Nevada?”

Taxi drivers were uniform sympathetic when I said I'd just been fired.“This is America,”a Haitian driver said.“One door is closed.Another is open.”He argued against my plan to burn down my boss' s house.A Pakistani driver even turned down a chance to profit from my loss of hope;he refused to take me to the middle of the George Washington Bridge—a $20 trip.“Why do you want to go there? Go home and relax.Don't worry.Take a new job.”

One very hot weekday in July, while wearing a red ski mask and holding a stuffed pillowcase with the word “BANK” on it, I tried calling a taxi five times outside different banks.The driver picked me up every time.My ride with a Haitian driver was typical of the superb assistance I received.

“Let's go across the park,” I said.“I just robbed the bank there.I got $25,000.”

“$25,000?” he asked.

“Yeah,you think it was wrong to take it?”

“No, man.I work 8 hours and I don't make almost $70.If I can do that,I will do it too.”

As we approached 86th and Lexington, I pointed to the Chemical Bank.

“Hey,there is another bank,”I said,“Could you wait here a minute while I go inside?”

“No,I can't wait.Pay me now.” His unwillingness may have had something to do with money—taxi drivers think the rate for waiting time is too low—but I think he wanted me to learn that even a bank robber can't expect unconditional support.

小题1:From the Ghanaian driver's response, we can infer that________.

A.he was afraid of the author

B.he thought the author was crazy

C.he looked down upon the author

D.he was indifferent to the killing小题2:Why did the Pakistani driver refuse to take the author to the middle of the George Washington Bridge?

A.Because he was able to help the author to find a new job.

B.Because he wanted to go home and relax.

C.Because he thought that the author would commit suicide.

D.Because it was far away from his home.小题3:In the author's opinion, the driver's unwillingness to wait outside the Chemical Bank indicates________.

A.the driver thought it wrong to support a taxi rider unconditionally

B.the driver was frightened and wanted to leave him as soon as possible

C.the driver did not want to help a suspect to escape from a bank robbery

D.the driver thought that the rate for waiting time was too low小题4:Which of the following statements is TRUE about New York taxi drivers?

A.They are ready to help you do whatever you want to.

B.They are sympathetic with those who are out of work.

C.They refuse to pick up those who would kill themselves.

D.They work only for money.小题5:The passage mainly discusses________.

A.the way to please taxi riders

B.the way to deal with taxi riders

C.taxi drivers' attitude to riders in personal trouble

D.taxi drivers' attitude to troublesome taxi riders