问题 问答题

(1)某同学通过以下步骤测出了从一定高度落下的排球对地面的冲击力:将一张白纸铺在水平地面上,把排球在水里弄湿,然后让排球从规定的高度自由落下,并在白纸上留下球的水印.再将印有水印的白纸铺在台秤上,将球放在纸上的水印中心,缓慢地压球,使排球与纸接触部分逐渐发生形变直至刚好遮住水印,记下此时台秤的示数即为冲击力的最大值.下列物理学习或研究中用到的方法与该同学的方法相同的是______.

A.建立“合力与分力”的概念B.建立“点电荷”的概念

C.建立“电场强度”的概念D.建立“光子说”的概念

(2)某同学用游标为20分度的卡尺测量一薄金属圆板的直径D,用螺旋测微器测量其厚度d,示数如图所示.由图可读出D=______mm,d=______mm.

答案

(1)A:合力和分力是等效的,它们是等效替代的关系,故A正确.

B:点电荷是一种理想化的模型,是采用的理想化的方法,故B错误.

C:电场强度的定义是:试探电荷在电场中受到的电场力与试探电荷所带电量的比值.所以,建立“电场强度”的概念是采用了参考变量法,故C错误.

D:光子说是爱因斯坦在总结前人的实验数据和实验结论的前提下,提出的一种新的假设,是采用了新理论假设法,所以D错误.

故选A.

(2)游标卡尺的读数等于10mm+0.05×10mm=10.50mm.

螺旋测微器的读数等于3.5mm+0.01×27.5mm=3.775mm.

故答案为:(1)A(2)10.503.775

阅读理解

In my long years of teaching, I often ask my student to read the texts until they can recite them, and I tell them that recitation is an important part of their homework. However, some of my students are tired of doing so, thinking that it is both hard and useless. They argue that it takes a long time to recite a text from memory and text itself never appears in a test paper.

In my opinion, it naturally takes time to recite a text, but it is worth doing so. When you are able to recite a text, you are sure to be familiar with the words and expressions. When you need them in reading or writing or doing exercises, they will come to your mind quickly, and so you will give quick response to all kinds of language situation. How can we say that it is useless?

Besides, many students complain that they soon forget what they were once able to recite. This is true, but you don’t need to worry. While you are reading and forgetting the texts, your language level is being raised. Sure you don’t remember your Chinese texts that you once read in the primary school, but now you are able to read novels and newspaper. So, recitation of the texts will help you improve your language ability.

61. The writer often asks his students to recite the texts,_______.

A.But they don’t like to do so.

B.And they are eager to do so

C.But they wrote a letter to the Department of Education reporting the thing.

D.But they do more exercises instead of reciting the texts.

62. What do the students think about the teacher’s advice?

A.The English teacher tries his best to help them with English.

B.The English teacher is very kind to them.

C.The English teacher asks them to do something useless.

D.The English teacher should let them study on their own.

63. According to the text, which of the following is correct?

A.The teacher thinks the students are too naughty to learn English well.

B.The students think they spend a lot of time in reciting the texts and get nothing.

C.The students say that they often forget the words.

D.The students take no interest in English.

64. When the students are against his suggestion, the writer_______.

A.often criticizes them

B.patiently explains to them why they should recite the texts

C.wants to give up his idea

D.is afraid that he is criticized by the headmaster.

65. Why does the writer suggest that the students recite the text?

A.Reciting the texts can improve the ability of applying English.

B.Reciting the texts is the best way of learning English.

C.The students should remember all the texts that the teacher has taught them.

D.Reciting the texts can greatly improve the classroom teaching.

单项选择题