问题 填空题

(7分)X、Y、Z、W、L、M六种短周期主族元素的原子序数依次增大,其中X、M的单质在常温下呈气态,Y的原子最外层电子数是其电子层数的2倍,Z在同周期的主族元素中原子半径最大,W是地壳中含量最多的金属元素,L的单质晶体熔点高、硬度大,是一种重要的半导体材料。

用化学用语回答下列问题:

(1)L的元素符号为___________;M在元素周期表中的位置为__________________。

(2)Y、L、M的最高价含氧酸的酸性由弱到强的顺序是_________________________。

(3)Y的最高价氧化物的电子式为__________。原子序数比Y多2的元素的一种氢化物能分解为它的另一种氢化物,此分解反应的化学方程式是_________________。

(4)R与Y同周期,R的单质分子R2中有3个共价键,R与L能形成一种新型无机非金属材料,其化学式是___________________。

答案

MnO2

 
(1)Si 、 第3周期第ⅦA族  (2)H2SiO3 < H2CO3 < HClO4                                        

(3)             、 2H2O2="===="  2H2O + O2↑(或其他合理答案也给分)

(4)Si3N4

W是地壳中含量最多的金属元素,则W是Al。L的单质晶体熔点高、硬度大,是一种重要的半导体材料,且原子序数大于铝的,所以L是Si。X、M的单质是气体,原子序数大于Si的,所以M是Cl。Y的原子最外层电子数是其电子层数的2倍,原子序数小于铝的,所以Y是C。X的原子序数小于C的,所以X是氢。Z在同周期的主族元素中原子半径最大,则Z是Na。

(2)非金属性越强,最高价含氧酸的酸性就越强,所以顺序为H2SiO3 < H2CO3 < HClO4

(3)原子序数比C多2的是氧。和氢形成的化合物双氧水分解生成氧气和水。

(4)R与Y同周期,R的单质分子R2中有3个共价键,则R是N。根据N和Si的价电子可知,化合物的化学式为Si3N4

选择题
完形填空
完形填空。
     In history,a real cowboy was a simple farm worker on horseback.He spent a long time a
day outdoors working with cows.The work was dirty,tiring and not very well paid.
     People in the western states had to __1__ cattle at low cost and send them by railway to the
eastern __2__.But someone had to __3__ the cattle and get them to the nearest railroad.This
was the job of a cowboy.Sometimes the __4__ was more than a thousand kilometers away
and it could take as __5__ as six months to move the cattle.The __6__ was long but the cattle
were driven __7__ as not to lose __8__.Then they could be sold at a good price.
     Most cowboys were young, __9__ men.A good horse _10__ their job of moving cattle
much easier.A good cowboy __11__ cows and knew how to control them.At night,he __12__
to the cows to keep them calm.
     In the late 1800s,America was changing from a nation of farm to one of __13__ and cities.The
cowboy seemed __14__ compared with other Americans doing ordinary jobs.
     Today,the __15__ of cowboys has __16__ greatly.One change is the use of trucks.The job
is not so hard __17__ it used to be.And cowboys are better __18__ now.They are _19__ to be
married.Some of them are farmers or teachers or truck drivers.Some work for big companies.
__20__ at night and on weekends,they become cowboys.These part-time cowboys increase the total
production of meat,keeping the beef price low.
( )1.A.get        
( )2.A.markets    
( )3.A.deal with  
( )4.A.road      
( )5.A.good      
( )6.A.journey    
( )7.A.hurriedly  
( )8.A.mind      
( )9.A.unmarried  
( )10.A.had      
( )11.A.recognized
( )12.A.whispered
( )13.A.towns    
( )14.A.free      
( )15.A.manner    
( )16.A.changed  
( )17.A.that      
( )18.A.known    
( )19.A.afraid    
( )20.A.Because  
B.buy      
B.countries
B.find out  
B.railroad  
B.much      
B.trip      
B.smoothly  
B.direction
B.proud    
B.made      
B.understood
B.shouted  
B.factories
B.brave    
B.job      
B.developed
B.as        
B.paid      
B.eager    
B.And      
C.sell      
C.cities    
C.look after
C.state    
C.long      
C.tour      
C.slowly    
C.head      
C.strong    
C.found    
C.owned    
C.cried    
C.companies
C.easy      
C.life      
C.improved  
C.which    
C.treated  
C.worried  
C.When      
D.raise    
D.stories  
D.pay off  
D.farm    
D.far      
D.travel  
D.carefully
D.weight  
D.educated
D.helped  
D.kept    
D.sang    
D.villages
D.pleased  
D.mind    
D.realized
D.what    
D.dressed  
D.likely  
D.But