问题 填空题

(16分)下表为长式周期表的一部分,其中的编号代表对应的元素。

                 
             
                
                
(1)写出上表中元素⑨原子的外围电子排布式            

(2)在元素③与①形成的水果催熟剂气体化合物中,元素③的杂化方式为:   

(3)按要求完成下列各题

a.第一电离能:元素④      元素⑤(选填“>”、“=”、“<”)。

b.与元素④所形成的单质互为等电子体的分子、离子的化学式              (各写一种)。

c.元素④的气态氢化物X的水溶液在微电子工业中,可作刻蚀剂H2O2的清除剂,所发生反应的产物不污染环境,其化学方程式为________________________________

d.由X与氧气、KOH溶液构成原电池,负极会产生元素④的单质。则其负极反应式为_____________________________。

(4)由元素③和⑧形成的液态化合物Z,是非极性的直线形分子。0.2mol的Z在O2中完全燃烧,生成两种气态氧化物,298K时放出热量215kJ。该反应的热化学方程式为_________________________

(5)在测定①与⑥形成化合物的相对分子质量时,实验测得的值一般高于理论值的主要原因是:                                                

(6)元素⑩所形成的单质晶体中原子的堆积方式如下图甲所示,其晶胞特征如下图乙所示,原子之间相互位置关系的平面图如下图丙所示。已知该原子的半径为d,相对原子质量为MNA代表阿伏加德罗常数,请回答:

晶体中该原子的配位数为     ,一个晶胞中包含的原子数目为       ;该晶体的密度为            (用字母表示)

答案

(1)3d54s1(1分)  (2)sp2 (1分)

(3)a.>(1分)    b.CO(1分),C22-(1分)(或NO+,其他合理答案也可)

c.2NH3·H2O+3H2O2===N2+8H2O(2分)

d.2NH3-6e+6OH===N2+6H2O(2分)

(4)CS2(l)+3O2(g)===CO2(g)+2SO2(g)  ΔH=-1075 kJ/mol(2分)

(5)HF分子间以氢键结合形成(HF)n分子(或“HF分子间形成氢键”)(1分)

(6)12(1分)、 4(1分)、(2分)

依题意可知依次为H、Be、C、N、O、F、Mg、S、Cr、Cu、水果催熟剂气体化合物C2H4

c.2NH3·H2O+3H2O2===N2+8H2O,d.2NH3-6e+6OH===N2+6H2O

甲为铜,一个晶胞中包含的原子数目为4个,m=Nm=密度×体积

阅读理解

I got up and dressed, stuck my violin under my jacket, and went out into the street. I wandered about for an hour, looking for a likely place, feeling as if I were about to commit a crime. Then I stopped at last under a bridge near the station and decided to have a go.

I felt tense and shaking. I drew my violin from under my coat like a gun. It was here, in Southampton, with trains passing overhead, that I was about to prove myself.

The first notes I played were loud and raw, and then they settled down and began to run more smoothly and to stay more or less in tune. To my surprise I was neither arrested nor told to shut up. Indeed, nobody took any notice at all.

I walked the streets of Southampton for several days, gradually knowing how to try and get money by being a street artist. It was not a good thing, for instance, to let the hat fill up with money — the sight could discourage the people; nor was it wise to empty it completely, which could also confuse them, giving them no hint as to where to drop his money. Placing a couple of pennies in the hat to start the thing going soon became a good idea. Before I played another tune, I took off the big money, but always left two pennies behind.

Old ladies were most generous, and so were women with children, shop girls, and typists. As for the men: Heavy drinkers were always generous too and so were big young with muscles. But never a man with a hat, briefcase or dog; respectable types were the meanest of all, except retired army officers, who would bark “Why aren’t you working, young man?” and then threw much money into the hat to hide their confusion.

小题1:The underlined phrase “have a go” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.

A.have a try

B.run away

C.change a place

D.commit a crime小题2:When the writer began to play the violin, he thought that ________.

A.he could make a lot of money

B.he had chosen the wrong place

C.he would get into trouble

D.people would stop and listen to him小题3:According to the passage, the writer thought the best way of encouraging people to give a street-violinist money was to ________.

A.let the hat fill up with money first

B.leave a small amount of money in the hat

C.make sure that the hat was always empty

D.choose the best place to play more smooth tunes小题4:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A.Most of the ladies were willing to give him money.

B.Retired army officers seldom gave him money.

C.Drinkers were generous with their money.

D.Not all the people would feel pity for street-violinists.

多项选择题