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问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

细菌引发细菌性肝脓肿的最主要入侵途径是 （）

A.胆道系统

B.肝动脉

C.门静脉系统

D.淋巴系统

E.直接入侵

答案

参考答案：A

解析：胆道系统是细菌最主要的入侵途径和最常见的病因。胆道结石等原因并发急性化脓性胆管炎累及胆总管时，因胆囊管和肝总管汇合成胆总管，因此细菌沿胆管上行，可进入肝脏，感染肝形成肝脓肿。

单项选择题

关于肾上腺皮质醇增多症的描述下列哪项不正确（）

A.糖皮质激素分泌过多

B.多为肾上腺增生所致，少数为肾上腺皮质腺瘤

C.肾上腺增生可为结节性和弥漫性

D.肾上腺皮质腺瘤多为单侧

E.肾上腺皮质腺瘤T2WI信号类似脑脊液信号
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问答题

Exactly where we will stand in the long war against disease by the year 2050 is impossible to say. (46)But if developments in research maintain their current pace, it seems likely that a combination of improved attention to dietary and environmental factors, along with advances in gene therapy and protein targeted drugs, will have virtually eliminated most major classes of disease.
From an economic standpoint, the best news may be that these accomplishments could be accompanied by a drop in health-care costs. (47)Costs may even fall as diseases are brought under control using pinpointed, short term therapies now being developed. By 2050 there will be fewer hospitals, and surgical procedures will be largely restricted to the treatment of accidents and other forms of trauma. Spending on nonacute care, both in nursing facilities and in homes, will also fall sharply as more elderly people lead healthy lives until close to death.
One result of medicine’s success in controlling disease will be a dramatic increase in life expectancy. (48) The extent of that increase is a highly speculative matter, but it is worth that medical science has already helped to make the very old (currently defined as those over 85 years of age) the fastest growing segment of the population . Between 1960 and 1995, the U. S. population as a whole increased by about 45%, while the segment over 85 years of age grew by almost 300% . (49)There has been a similar explosion in the population of centenarians, with the result that survival to the age of 100 is no longer the newsworthy feat that it was only a few decades ago. U. S. Census Bureau projections already forecast dramatic increase in the number of centenarians in the next 50 years: 4 million in 2050, compared with 37,000 in 1990.
(50)Although Census Bureau calculations project an increase in average life span of only eight yeas by the year 2050, some exerts believe that the human life span should not begin to encounter any theoretical natural limits before 120 years. With continuing advances in molecular medicine and a growing understanding of the aging process, that limit could rise to 130 years or more.
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