问题 材料题

阅读以下材料,回答问题:

材料一:英国画家阿罗姆描绘19世纪初期广州的街道景象是:街道上人群涌动,两边商铺雕梁画栋,旗幡飘扬,商铺二楼的窗户,使用的是澳门风格的百叶窗,店家都有凉棚、洋伞,商店类似南欧城市的“骑楼”风格。——李天纲著《大清帝国城市印象》

材料二:美国《纽约时报》记者N.S.D在1871年12月24日游历广州时,对广州城市的繁华惊叹不已:“宽阔的珠江,清式和西式的阁楼、宝塔、博物馆、清真寺、大厦、仓库、商铺等,这些建筑物看上去并没有分戍街道,而是毫不间断地紧紧挨在一起。远处可见英国领事馆的小教堂,上面有钟楼和高高的十字架。”——郑曦原编《帝国的回忆:纽约时报晚清观察记》

材料三:1875年的广州商务报告称:“……中国人已经普遍使用黄磷火柴,并且输入了几百万箱,现在用打火石取火的已经少见了。在使用煤油及其他矿物油以及煤油灯方面的情况也一样。同时欧洲的洋伞,几乎完全代替了中国纸伞。广州大量地仿制欧洲洋伞并运往其他口岸和内地销售。”——姚贤镐编《中国近代对外贸易史资料》

材料四:1906年广州出版的《赏奇画报》……其征订广告,就是画着一位身穿西装、戴着西式小帽的先生,手拿“赏奇画报出世”的旗子作宣传。粤东烟草公司出品的伟人香烟,其封面也画上一位扎领带、穿西服的先生。——蒋建国著《广州消费文化与社会变迁》

(1)广州是中国近代化进程较早的城市,依据材料提取广州在社会生活方面近代化的相关信息。(不得照抄原文)

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(2)广州近代社会生活体现了开放与兼容、重商与务实、开拓与创新的特点,请摘抄材料原文分别回答材料一中体现“重商与务实”、材料二中体现“开放与兼容”和材料三中体现“开拓与创新”的内容。

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(3)依据材料并结合所学知识,分析近代广州社会生活较早走向近代化的原因。

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(4)某历史兴趣小组决定围绕上述材料开展研究性学习,请你为他们提供三种获取相关探究资料的方法。

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答案

(1)出现了西式和中西风格融合的建筑;外来宗教得到传播;大量使用和仿制西方日常生活用品;西式服装成为当时的时尚;重视广告宣传,出现了报刊、杂志。

(2)材料一中体现“重商与务实”的内容:“两边商铺雕梁画栋,旗幡飘扬”和“商店类似南欧城市的‘骑楼’风格。”材料二中体现“开放与兼容”的内容:“清式和西式的阁楼、宝塔、博物馆、清真寺、大厦、仓库、商铺等”和“远处可见英国领事馆的小教堂,上面有钟楼和高高的十字架。”材料三中体现“开拓与创新”的内容:“广州大量地仿制欧洲洋伞并运往其他口岸和内地销售。”

(3)原因:①广州自古就是海上丝绸之路的起点,使其具有开放兼容的文化特征;②清代闭关锁国后,广州是惟一对外贸易港口,深受外来文化的影响;③鸦片战争后,广州是第一批开放的口岸,最早受到西方冲击;④近代生产方式产生较早,带动了社会生活方式的变化;⑤毗邻港澳,易受西方风尚的影响。

(4)查阅文献资料;网上搜索;求教专家学者;观看音像资料;调查访问等。

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     True forgiveness is one of the most remarkable qualities a human can possess!
     In the fighting between two countries in the 1970s, a young man was walking from one village to the
next when he was    1     by an armed guerrilla (游击队) fighter from the enemy country. The fighter 
  2    the young man down the hill where he was to be   3    .
     But a (n)   4    thing happened. The young man, who had   5    military (军事的) training, was able
to disarm (解除武装) the fighter. Now, the table was   6    , and it was the fighter who was ordered
down the hill.
     As they walked,   7   , the young man began to reflect on what was happening. Recalling the    8    of
his mother, "Love your enemies; do good to those who    9   you." he found he could go no further. He
   10   the gun into the bushes, told the fighter he was   11   to go and turned back   12    the hill.
     Minutes later, he heard footsteps   13   behind him as he walked. "Is this the end after all?" he   14   .
Perhaps the fighter had got the gun and wanted to finish him off.
     But he continued on,   15    glancing back, until his enemy reached him, only to grab him in a hug and
pour out   16    for sparing his life.
     Mercy often wears the face of   17   . And though it usually isn't an enemy in uniform that we are
challenged to forgive, we hav   18   for mercy every day. Family members and friends, co-workers and
neighbors and even strangers have  19   for our forgiveness. You know who they are.
     As Mahatma Gandhi said, "The   20   can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute (特性) of the
strong." Be strong. Forgive.
( )1. A. shot         
( )2. A. demanded      
( )3. A. beaten        
( )4. A. amazing      
( )5. A. watched       
( )6. A. turned          
( )7. A. thus         
( )8. A. expressions  
( )9. A. forgive       
( )10. A. packed      
( )11. A. free        
( )12.  A. for        
( )13. A. showing    
( )14. A. shouted     
( )15. A. seldom     
( )16. A. marks      
( )17. A. awareness  
( )18. A. opportunities
( )19. A. need       
( )20. A. lonely    
B. murdered    
B. reminded     
B. shot      
B. frightening
B. received     
B. covered    
B. indeed       
B. plans    
B. hate      
B. dragged      
B. slow      
B. into       
B. waving      
B. counted      
B. never      
B. favors       
B. kindness     
B. explanations
B. responsibility
B. weak       
C. killed    
C. ordered    
C. accepted  
C. inspiring  
C. accepted  
C. moved      
C. therefore  
C. words
C. instruct  
C. forced    
C. nervous    
C. up       
C. running    
C. wondered  
C. always    
C. thanks    
C. safeness  
C. hopes
C. patience  
C. healthy    
D. caught      
D. required    
D. driven      
D. confusing  
D. suggested  
D. repaired    
D. however    
D. signals    
D. help        
D. threw      
D. eager      
D. down        
D. jumping    
D. argued      
D. sometimes  
D. reasons    
D. forgiveness
D. lessons    
D. energy      
D. calm        
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