问题 填空题

(6分)最近,苏泊尔炊具锰超标的问题屡次被曝光,已引起国人普遍关注。锰是一种银白色、硬脆、有光泽的金属。工业上在高温条件下,用铝还原软锰矿(主要成分是MnO2)制得,同时生成氧化铝。锰是正常机体必需的微量元素之一,如果摄入量过多,会造成人体中枢神经系统的伤害,主要表现出精神病的症状,类似于帕金森综合症。

(1)下图是锰原子结构示意图,据图可知锰原子核内质子数为      ,在化学反应中锰原子易   (填“得”或“失”)电子。

(2)正常人每天从食物中需摄入锰3~9毫克。这里的锰指的是       (填“元素”、“原子”、“分子”或“单质”)

(3)写出工业上生产金属锰的化学方程式                                 

在该反应中,二氧化锰是     (填“催化剂”、“还原剂”或“氧化剂”)

答案

(1)25(1分);失(1分)    (2)元素(1分)

(3)4Al+3MnO2  2Al2O3+3Mn(2分);氧化剂(1分)

分析:(1)由锰原子结构示意图,可知锰原子中质子数;由最外层电子数可以判断得失电子的情况;

(2)根据从食物中需摄入锰3~9毫克.这里的锰指的是锰元素进行解答;

(3)根据工业上利用铝和二氧化锰反应生成氧化铝和金属锰进行解答.

解答:解:(1)由锰原子结构示意图,可知锰原子中质子数为25;由最外层电子数为2可知在化学反应中锰原子易失去电子;

(2)从食物中需摄入锰3~9毫克.这里的锰指的是锰元素;

(3)工业上利用铝和二氧化锰反应生成氧化铝和金属锰,化学方程式:4Al+3MnO2 2Al2O3+3Mn.该反应中二氧化锰失去氧,为氧化剂.

故答案为:(1)25;失;(2)元素;(3)4Al+3MnO2 2Al2O3+3Mn;氧化剂.

阅读理解

It was a comfortable sunny Sunday. I was going to meet an old university friend I hadn't seen for years, and was really excited to hear all his news.

My train was running a little late, but that was no big problem - I could text him to say I would be delayed. He would understand. But… where was my mobile phone? I had that familiar sinking feeling. Yes, I'd forgotten it at home.

No mobile phone. I'm sure I'm not alone in feeling anxious, on edge and worried when I don't have my phone with me. In fact, I know I'm not alone: two-thirds of us experience ‘nomophobia’, the fear of being out of mobile phone contact.

That's according to a study from 2012 which surveyed 1,000 people in the UK about their relationship with mobile phones.

It says we check our mobile phones 34 times a day, that women are more ‘nomophobic’than men, and that 18-24 year-olds are the most likely to suffer fear of being without their mobiles: 77% of them say they are unable to be apart from their phones for more than a few minutes.

Do you have nomophobia ?

· You never turn your phone off

· You obsessively check for texts, missed calls and emails· You always take your phone to the bathroom with you· You never let the battery run out

It's funny to think that around 20 years ago the only people with mobile phones would be businessperson carrying their large, plastic ‘bricks’.   Of course, these days, mobile phones are everywhere. A UN study from this year said mobile phone subscriptions would outnumber people across the world by the end of 2014.

And when there are more phones than people in the world, maybe it's time to ask who really is in charge? Are you in control of your phone, or does your phone control you?

So, what happened with my university friend? When I arrived a few minutes late he just laughed and said: "You haven't changed at all – still always late!" And we had a great afternoon catching up, full of jokes and stories, with no interruptions and no nagging(唠叨的) desire to check my phone.

Not having it with me felt strangely liberating. Maybe I'll leave it at home on purpose next time.

小题1:What does the passage talk about ?

A.The history of mobiles.

B.The story of meeting an old university friend.

C.The addiction of playing mobile phone.

D.The terrible feeling of being without their mobiles.小题2:The underlined phrase “ on edge ”in the third paragraph probably means_______.

A. nervous

B.energetic

C.crazy

D.surprised小题3:Which word is used to describe old mobile phones according to the passage?

A.digital phone

B.cell phone

C.bricks

D.smart phone小题4:According to the passage, who is most likely to be addicted to mobiles ?

A.a successful manager

B.a 21-year-old girl

C.a 21-year-old boy

D.a lonely middle-aged person小题5:What’s the author’s attitude towards the using mobiles ?

A.Worried

B.Favorable

C.Neutral

D.Critical

多项选择题