问题 单项选择题 共用题干题

男,63岁,进行性吞咽困难1月。食管钡餐示:食管下段粘膜不规则充盈缺损,管腔狭窄,贲门扩张欠佳。

发现肝内转移,则转移途径为()

A.直接浸润

B.淋巴转移

C.种植转移

D.血行转移

E.消化道粘膜下浸润

答案

参考答案:D

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文字,完成小题。(13分)

低碳生活处处可为

冯  云

①面对环境恶化,科学家鼓励人们过低碳生活。那么,什么是低碳生活呢?

②低碳生活涉及碳足迹,碳足迹表示一个人或者一个团体的碳耗费量,是测量某个国家和地区的人口因每日消耗能源而产生的二氧化碳排放对环境影响的一种指标。第一碳足迹是因使用化石能源而直接排放的二氧化碳,比如一个经常坐飞机出行的人会有较多的第一碳足迹,因为飞机飞行会消耗大量燃油,排放出大量二氧化碳。第二碳足迹是因使用各种产品而间接排放的二氧化碳,比如消费一瓶普通的瓶装水,会因它的生产和运输过程中产生的碳排放而带来第二碳足迹。碳足迹越大,说明你对全球变暖所要负的责任越大。碳足迹越小,说明你对环境的保护做出的贡献越大。  

③就个人而言,每个人可以从自我做起,从生活中的细节做起,尽量减低碳足迹,选择低碳生活。例如,少开一天车,少吃一顿肉食大餐,少用一次性筷子,少开一盏灯等等,都可以减少碳足迹;甚至用餐做菜时选择烹饪方式也可以减少碳足迹。以土豆为例,用烤箱烘烤土豆产生的二氧化碳比用锅煮的要多,而用锅煮产生的二氧化碳又比微波炉做产生的多。所以,用微波炉做土豆就是一种更好的低碳生活。

④另外,棉布衣服与化纤衣服,爬楼梯与坐电梯,走路与开车等等,都是前者是低碳生活,后者是高碳生活。生产化纤衣服要消费更多的石油和能源,排放更多的二氧化碳,所以应当选择棉布衣服。在家居用电上,使用风电或水电等清洁能源产生的碳排放会比使用热电低。在交通出行方面,小排放量汽车在同距离时碳排放量较少,应大力推广小排量节能环保型汽车。

⑤尽管低碳生活值得提倡,但是,由于工作需要或其他原因,人们不时会进入高碳生活。这时就应当对自己的高碳生活进行补偿。这种补偿就是所谓的碳中和。碳中和指的是,人们可以计算自己日常活动(生产)直接或间接制造的二氧化碳排放量,如果过高,则可以通过植树等方式把这些排放量吸收掉,或者计算抵消这些二氧化碳所需的经济成本,然后个人付款给专门企业或机构,由他们通过植树或其他环保项目抵消大气中相应的二氧化碳量,以达到降低温室效应的目的。可以说,碳中和就是人们对自己高碳生活的补偿。

⑥因此,人类的低碳生活处处可为。

(摘自《百科知识》,2009年第12期,有删改)

小题1:本文围绕“低碳生活处处可为”谈了哪几个方面?请简要概括。(3分)

小题2:“生产化纤衣服要消费更多的石油和能源,排放更多的二氧化碳”一句中为什么连用两个“更多的”?(3分)

小题3:第③段分别运用了什么说明方法?各有什么作用?(4分)

小题4:从全文看,文章主要内容是介绍“低碳生活”,但为什么还要谈“高碳生活”?(3分)

阅读理解

D

There is probably no field of human activity in which our values and lifestyles are shown more clearly and strongly than they are in the clothes that we choose to wear. The dress of an individual is a kind of "sign language" that communicates a set of information and is usually the basis on which immediate impressions are formed. Traditionally, a concern for clothes was considered to be an affair of females, while men took pride in the fact they were completely lacking in clothes consciousness(意识).

This type of American culture is by degrees changing as man dress takes on greater variety and color. Even as early as 1995, a researcher in Michigan said that men attached rather high importance to the value of clothing in daily life. White-collar workers in particular viewed dress as a symbol of ability, which could be used to impress or influence others, especially in the work situation. The white-collar worker was described as extremely concerned about the impression his clothes made on his superiors(上司). Although blue-collar workers were less aware that they might be judged on the basis of their clothing, they recognized that any difference from the accepted pattern of dress would be made fun of by fellow workers.

Since that time, of course, the patterns have changed; the typical office worker may now be wearing the blue shirt, and the laborer a white shirt, but the importance of dress has not become less.      Other researchers in recent years have helped to prove its importance in the lives of individuals at various levels and in different social and economic status groups(阶层).

68.From the passage we know that______.

A.the Americans' values and lifestyles can't be shown clearly in their activity

B.the Americans' values and lifestyles are from the sign language

C.the clothes the Americans choose to wear have something to do with their values and lifestyles

D.the clothes the Americans choose to wear depend on a set of information

69.Traditionally, the Americans usually thought that______.

A.men should care much for clothes

B.women should concern greatly about what they wore but men shouldn't

C.both men and women must pay great attention to their clothes

D.neither men nor women didn't have to show interest in clothes

70.Blue-collar workers pay attention to their clothes because______.

A.they extremely concern about the impression their clothes make on their superiors

B.they know clearly that people will judge them on the basis of their clothing

C.they want to impress and influence others

D.they don't want to be laughed at

71.The passage mainly suggests that______.

A.the Americans pay great attention to the importance of clothes

B.now men in America have made more progress in clothes consciousness

C.now men in America care about clothes more than women do

D.the American culture is greatly changing