问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《出师表(节选)》,然后回答问题。

出师表(节选)

  ①先帝创业未半而中道崩殂,今天下三分,益州疲弊,此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内,忠志之士忘身于外者,盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听,以光先帝遗德,恢弘志士之气,不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。

  ②宫中府中,俱为一体,陟罚臧否,不宜异同。若有作 * * 犯科及为忠善者,宜付有司论其刑赏,以昭陛下平明之理,不宜偏私,使内外异法也。

  ③侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等,此皆良实,志虑忠纯,是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事,事无大小,悉以咨之,然后施行,必能裨补阙漏,有所广益。

  ④ * * 向宠,性行淑均,晓畅军事,试用于昔日,先帝称之日能,是以众议举宠为督。恿以为营中之事,悉以咨之,必能使行阵和睦,优劣得所。

  ⑤亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时,每与臣论此事,未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军,此悉贞良死节之臣,愿陛下亲之信之,则汉室之隆,可计日而待也。

1.解释下列文言语句中加粗的词。

(1)先帝创业未而中道崩殂(   )

(2)此诚危急存亡之也(   )

(3)然侍卫之臣不于内(   )

(4)以光帝遗德(   )

2.翻译下列文言语句。

(1)不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。

译文:_______________________________

(2)亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也。

译文:_______________________________

3.从选文看,诸葛亮向刘禅提出了哪三条建议?其目的是什么?

_____________________________________

4.从文中看,诸葛亮是在什么情况下出师伐魏?

_____________________________________

5.你觉得诸葛亮的三条建议对我们今天构建和谐社会有何现实意义?

_____________________________________

答案

1.(1)完成一半(2)时候(3)懈怠(4)发扬

2.(1)绝不应随便看轻自己,说出无道理的话,从而堵塞了忠诚进谏的道路。

  (2)亲近贤臣,远离小人,这是汉朝前期所以能够兴盛的原因。(意对即可)

3.第一问:广开言路、赏罚严明、亲贤远佞。第二问:为出兵伐魏作准备,因为只有国内安定了,出兵伐魏才无后顾之忧。

4.(1)先帝创业未半而中道崩殂;(2)天下三分;(3)益州疲弊。

5.提示:能结合现实从某一点来谈且言之成理即可。

示例:应广开言路、多倾听老百姓的呼声,这样我们出台的政策才更合理,更科学,才能更好地调动人们的积极性,为我们的经济建设服务。只有这样我们的社会才会更和谐,生活.才会更美好。(意对即可)

单项选择题
单项选择题

When Dance Speaks the Unspoken and No Language Is Required

当舞蹈说出没有说出的话,就无需语言了

A complete dancer today, is well trained in more than one discipline. The European dance scene has seen a rebirth of the influence of Spanish dance with the fusion of Flamenco and Classical Spanish Dance with other styles. The excitements of these fusions are very present in the Bay Area, which is America’s hotbed of Flamenco.

This heat wave of creation, arrived last summer in Walnut Creek with the premiere concert season of Carolina Lugo’s Brisas de Espa—a Flamenco Dance Company. Carolina’s company not only presents the powerful intense energy of solo flamenco but the grace and joy of classical dances. She herself was trained in classical Spanish dance, which is a world apart from the introverted nature of flamenco, with its familiar roots of the earth. What ballet gives to both her traditions, is the physical strength of movement that seeks light and takes to the air. Perhaps, where these very different traditions flow within her blood we have the true creative force of Ms. Lugo’s work. Each tradition is like a river joining to form an even more powerful force with its own life. During a rehearsal in preparation for Brisas appearance with the Eagles, Clint Black, and Bruce Hornsby at the benefit concert for Tony La Russa’s Animal Rescue Foundation, Carolina explained her intense passion for dance. When a dancer is on stage, it goes without saying, they must be one with the music. Without this connection to the music, movement, and yourself, a dancer is only counting steps and performing routines. The heart of the dancer’s work is to embrace the audience with the depth of our lives and the fiery sensuality of dancing. The magic of performing is for the dancers and the audience to experience our fierce pride, love, happiness and tears. The art of Flamenco is the completeness of being, which the Gypsies of

Spain refer to as "duende", the possession of the sole. This quality, when it present, casts a spell over the audience and everyone becomes involved.

The gift of the modern age is that with the speed of travel and communications we are able to emerge in the changes of the world’s cultures. Intemational artist Manuel Manolo Betanzos will be returning from a world tour for a month of performances and dance workshops with the company. Carolina believes that Manolo’s fused style of dance makes him one of Spain’s best dancers. He was trained in the earthy traditions of flamenco and the elegance of classical Spanish dance by many of the greatest maestros in Spain. His commanding presence on stage last summer earned him the admiration of local dance fans. Pepe Haro also from Spain will join the company as guest guitarist. His playing and musical arrangements bring power to every chord, shading and singing melodic line and above all, a rich rhythmic pulse.

Exploring the emotions and feelings of flamenco has been a profound journey for Carolina. She was recently awarded a grand from the Diablo Regional Arts Association to further her own exploration of dance fusion and will collaborate for this year’s performance with Brazilian Samba Queen, Katia Vaz. Carolina will present the World Premier of Dance Without Borders (Bailes Sin Fronteras). She promises that this work will be a moment, when dance speaks the unspoken and no language is required, only the passion to dance free of limitations. Both Spanish and Brazilian music and dance are diverse and represent a vast m lange of cultural similarities and differences. The emotions of life are the fundamental pieces of both dance traditions. Carofina and Katia, will be joined by Carolina Acea, daughter of Carolina an American original whose style has been influenced by both traditions. The music will be sung both in Spanish and Portuguese by Roberto Zamora and Patricia Velasquez. Carolina explains that the artistic essence of both Flamenco and Samba is their expression of a gamut of feelings about life, embodied with an attitude.

The author thinks that flamenco and classical Spanish dances().

A. are of an introverted and extroverted nature respectively

B. are of different origins

C. are totally different

D. have learned a lot from ballet