问题 材料分析题

《弟子规》原名《训蒙文》,为清朝康熙年间秀才李毓秀依据至圣先师孔子的教诲而编成的生活规范。其中的“弟子入则孝,出则悌,谨而信,泛爱众,而亲仁,行有余力,则以学文”,以三字一句,两句一韵编纂而成,组成了一个完整的道德系统(首先在日常生活中,要做到孝敬父母,友爱兄弟姐妹。其次在一切日常生活言语行为中,要小心谨慎,讲信用。和大众相处时,要平等博爱,并且亲近有仁德的人,向他学习。这些都是很重要、非做不可的事。如果做了之后,还有多余的时间精力,就应该好好的学习六艺等其他有益的学问)。其核心是做人的“道”和“德”,这就是我们常说的“道德”。

阅读材料,回答下列问题。

(1)“不以规矩无以成方圆”,建设和谐社会离不开规范的调控。《弟子规》和我们的国家法律、《学生守则》是一回事吗?试说说它们的关系。

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(2)结合学习《弟子规》,谈谈怎样做一个有道德的人?

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答案

(1)《弟子规》属于社会公德,它不同于国家法律、《学生守则》。三者的区别在于:行为规则的产生方式不同:国家法律是由国家立法机关制定和认可的;社会公德是在社会生活中形成的;《学生守则》是由教育行政部门或学校制定的学生行为规范。适用对象不同:国家法律适用于国家权力范围内的全体社会成员;社会公德普遍适用;《学生守则》适用于在校学生。实施方式及作用不同:国家法律依靠国家强制力,《学生守则》依靠教育行政力量,二者具有他律约束作用;社会公德依靠舆论、风俗、习惯、信念力量,具有自律教化作用。三者相互依存,相互影响,都是重要的社会行为规范,都对人们的社会行为进行评价、对社会关系进行调整;且在调控范围上交叉渗透,在社会功能上具有互补性。

(2)我们每个人都要将《弟子规》的学习同自己的实际条件、社会经历相结合,找到合适的方法,制定恰当的步骤。①重在实践。要将道德认识、道德情感、道德意志体现在道德行为上,必须脚踏实地,从一点一滴做起。②循序渐进。把握道德规律,由小到大、由近及远、以少到多、由浅入深地进行道德学习和实践,永不松懈。③学会慎独。在道德实践中,严于律己,表里如一,越是在个人独处的情况下,越要慎重,越要严格要求自己,做到无人监督与有人监督一个样。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

      Some Chinese shops have stopped selling Japanese goods in protest against Tokyo's approval of a

school history book they say whitewashes Japan's militaristic past.

       It was not clear how many Chinese stores had stopped selling Japanese products, but one

association official told Renters that the boycott had begun in Shanghai, the country's business center, and

the northeast city of Shenyang.

       Chinese protests against Japan's bid for a permanent seat in the U.N. Security Council. Millions of

Chinese have already signed an online demand against giving Japan a permanent seat.

       South Korea also has criticized the Japanese text book decision. The Korean English-language

newspaper Korea Times ran an article on Monday criticizing that action.

       It said: "A civic education text even has a picture of Tokto (独岛) as Japanese district on its cover.

We cannot help but wonder how many countries in the world would be teaching their children in such

wrong words."

       It went on to say: "The country is already a global power and should show regional leadership, not

by force but by moral superiority. Tokyo doesn't appear to be reaching forward in this direction."    

1. From the passage, the word "whitewash" in the first paragraph probably means  _____.   

A. use something for painting

B. say some good words to hide the errors, faults

C. mix white chalk with water

D. make somebody beautiful by making up

2. How many cities which led a boycott of the goods are listed in the passage?   

A. One.          

B. Two.        

C. Three.         

D. Four.

3. Which of the following statement is TRUE?    

A. The Chinese led a boycott because Japan's bid for a permanent seat in the U.N. Security Council.

B. Shenyang is the business center of China.

C. Japan nowadays shows its regional leadership by moral superiority.

D. There has been much argument over an island between Japan and South Korea.

4. Which of the following can be the proper title of the news?  

A. Chinese and Korean Displeasure

B. China, South Korea and Japan

C. The Reform of U. N.

D. A New History Textbook