问题 解答题

狂犬病是一种由狂犬病病毒所致的人畜急性传染病.2010年4月,某地发生了狗伤人事件,疾病控制中心的医生为伤者注射了狂犬病疫苗.

(1)狂犬病的病原体是______,它只能寄生在活细胞里,靠自己的遗传物质中遗传信息,利用细胞内的物质,制造出新的病毒,这就是它的______.

(2)狂犬病疫苗进入人体后,刺激淋巴细胞产生抵抗病原体的特殊蛋白质,即______,从而将入侵的病原体清除,这种免疫属于特异性免疫,其特点是______.

(3)该患者被狗咬伤后,伤口外出血,若血液呈红色,从伤口渗出或像水珠一样流出,则可判断该出血为______.

答案

(1)、病原体是指引起传染病的细菌、病毒和寄生虫等生物.分析题意可知,狂犬病是一种由狂犬病病毒所致的人畜急性传染病,可见其病原体是狂犬病毒,病毒无细胞结构,只有蛋白质的外壳和内部的遗传物质,不能独立生活,只能寄生在活细胞里,靠自己的遗传物质中遗传信息,利用细胞内的物质,制造出新的病毒,这就是它的繁殖.

(2)、接种用的疫苗是由减毒的、低毒的、灭活的病原体制成的生物制品,将疫苗注射到人体后,能刺激人体产生抵抗该病的一种特殊的蛋白质,叫抗体.抗体只能消灭特定的病原体,对其它病原体无效,因此属于特异性免疫.可见其特点是:出生后才产生的,只针对某一特定的病原体或异物起作用.

(3)、动脉是指将血液从心脏输送到全身各处去的血管,动脉出血的特点,血液鲜红、血流速度快,呈喷射状;静脉是将血液从全身各处输送回心脏的血管,静脉出血时,血液暗红,血流速度较慢;毛细血管出血,血液呈红色,像水珠一样慢慢渗出,毛细血管出血可以自然止血,也可以用干净纱布包扎伤口.据此可以判断题干中叙述的应该是毛细血管出血.

故答案为:(1)狂犬病毒;繁殖

(2)抗体;出生后才产生的,只针对某一特定的病原体或异物起作用.

(3)毛细血管出血

单项选择题
填空题

A Accommodation 住宿

One is never at a loss for a place to (1) in Malaysia.The country’s cities and major towns have a (2)  range of accommodation to suit all tastes and budgets. Most international (3)  hotels cater to total living requirements and as such, one (4) easily find restaurants, entertainment outlets and fitness centres within the (5)  complex.

Several resort hotels even have adjoining golf courses and (6)  parks with special privileges accorded to hotel guests. Family outings (7)  these hotels can be a practical yet fun-filled activity. Guests (8)  on longer stays may appreciate the serviced apartments situated within (9)  major cities.

Malaysia is also an excellent destination for romantic getaways, (10)  for honeymooners seeking an idyllic tropical retreat with (11) amenities. The country’s award-winning island resorts are paradises waiting to be (12)

For budget-conscious tourists, there is an array of accommodations located (13)  to amenities and tourist attractions. Budget accommodations in Malaysia are (14)  according to the Orchid Classification Scheme and include hostels, bed (15)  breakfast establishments, inns, boarding houses, rest houses and lodging houses (16)  Orchid rating is awarded to tourist accommodations offering basic facilities (17)  well as safe and clean premises.

Adventurous souls can try (18)  the innumerable value-for-money kampung-style chalets located along popular beaches. Nature (19)  seeking communion with nature in Malaysia’s world-famous nature parks such (20) Taman Negara will be amazed by the easy availability of chalets with modern facilities in these areas.

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