问题 问答题

一种烃的含氧衍生物C是生活中的食用香料(G相对分子质量为l92),可以通过下列途径合成:

已知:

回答下列问题:

(1)将1.92g G在足量氧气中燃烧,燃烧产物依次通过足量浓硫酸、碱石灰;浓硫酸、碱石灰分别增重1.08g、4.84g,则G的化学式为______.

(2)D遇FeCl3溶液会产生紫色,D的分子中一定含有的官能团名称为:______;在E的溶液中通入CO2出现的现象是______.

(3)写出指定物质结构简式:A:______;F:______.写出反应Ⅲ的化学方程式:______;

产物G可以发生的反应类型有______.①消去      ②加聚      ③酯化       ④水解        ⑤中和        ⑥氧化

(4)F有多种酯类的同分异构体,写出满足下列条件的同分异构体的结构简式:

①能与FeCl3溶液发生显色反应           ②能发生银镜反应          ③一硝基取代物只有2种______.

答案

结合信息及合成路线可知,A为CH2=CHCH3,A发生取代反应生成B,B为CH2=CHCH2Cl,C为ClCH2COOH,1.92g G在足量氧气中燃烧,燃烧产物依次通过足量浓硫酸、碱石灰;浓硫酸、碱石灰分别增重1.08g、4.84g,n(H2O)=

1.08g
18g/mol
=0.06mol,n(CO2)=0.11mol,G中n(O)=
(1.92-0.11×12-0.06×2×1)g
16g/mol
=0.03,G中C、H、O的原子个数之比为11:12:3,所以G为C11H12O3,D遇FeCl3溶液会产生紫色,D中含苯酚结构,由C原子守恒可知,D为苯酚,F为

,F与CH2=CHCH2OH发生酯化反应生成G,

(1)由以上分析可知,G为C11H12O3,故答案为:C11H12O3

(2)D为苯酚,含有酚羟基,E为苯酚钠,与二氧化碳反应生成沉淀,观察到溶液变浑浊,故答案为:酚羟基;溶液变浑浊;

(3)由上述分析可知,A为CH2=CHCH3,F为

,反应Ⅲ为

,G中含有苯环、酯基、碳碳双键,能发生的反应为②④⑥,

故答案为:CH2=CHCH3

;②④⑥;

(4)F为

,其酯类的同分异构体符合①能与FeCl3溶液发生显色反应,则含有酚羟基,②能发生银镜反应,则含有-CHO,③一硝基取代物只有2种,则苯环上只有2种位置的H原子,该同分异构体为

,故答案为:

单项选择题

Questions 53 to 57 are based on the following passage:The Internet can make the news more democratic, giving the public a chance to ask questions and seek out facts behind stories and candidates, according to the head of the largest US on-line service.’But the greatest potential for public participation is still in the future,’ Steven Case, chairman of America On-line, told a recent meeting on Journalism and the Internet sponsored by The Freedom Forum, though some other speakers say the new technology of computers is changing the face of journalism, giving reporters access to more information and their readers a chance to ask questions and turn to different sources.’You don’t have to buy a newspaper and be confined to the four comers of that paper anymore.’ Sam Meddis, on-line technology editor at USA Today, observed about the variety of information available to computer users.But the speakers noted the easy access to the internet also means anyone can post information for others to see.’Anyone can say anything they want, whether it’s right or wrong.’ said Case. Readers have to determine for themselves who to trust. ’In a world of almost infinite voices, respected journalists and respected brand names will probably become more important, not less,’ Case said.’The internet today is about where radio was 80 years ago, or television 50 years ago or cable 25 years ago, ’he said. But it is growing rapidly because it provides people fast access to news and a chance to comment on it.

The main topic of this passage is

A.the development of journalism

B.the effect of the internet has on journalism

C.the rapid development of the internet

D.the advantages of the internet

判断题