问题 改错题

阅读下列材料:

材料一:近阶段时间,中国和日本在钓鱼岛问题上的争端愈演愈烈。日本首相安倍晋三日前表示,钓鱼岛是日本的领土,没有任何交涉的余地,不会向中方妥协,也不会轻易放弃向钓鱼岛派出公务人员的承诺。对此,中方强硬表态毫不退让,中国的海监船公务船不断在钓鱼岛附近海域进行执法,中国的公务飞机也开始进入相关的领域,海空立体巡航钓岛强硬捍卫主权。

材料二:在近代,亚洲的中国和日本都面临着民族危机和工业文明的大潮,都发生了一场资产阶级自上而下的改良运动,但结果截然不同。

结合所学知识回答:

(1)中国和日本的钓鱼岛争端与近代的哪次战争有关?此次战争后签订的条约中的哪一具体条款与目前的中日岛争有密切的联系?(4分)

(2)近代中国和日本都面临着民族危机,分别被谁首先打开“大门”?(2分)

(3)中国和日本的改良运动分别是什么?(2分)

(4)上述改良运动的结果有何不同?(4分)

答案

⑴ 甲午中日战争。中国把辽东半岛、台湾及其附属岛屿、澎湖列岛割让给日本。

⑵ 中国是被英国,日本是被美国。

⑶中国的戊戌变法和日本的明治维新。

(4)、中国的戊戌变法失败,日本的明治维新成功后,使日本成为亚洲第一个走上工业化道路的国家

题目分析:本题考查学生对中日改革的认识,根据所学知识解答如下:

(1)阅读材料一,解答的关键是“钓鱼岛’”根据所学知识,甲午中日战争中国战败,1895年日本强迫清政府签订《马关条约》,条约规定,割辽东半岛,台湾岛及附属岛屿,澎湖列岛给日本,钓鱼岛属于台湾岛的附属岛屿。

(2)根据所学知识,近代中国和日本的国情很相似,中国在19世纪中期遭到了英国的侵略,英国用炮舰打开了中国大门,十九世纪中期的日本首先遭到了美国的侵略,美国也强迫日本签订了不平等条约。

(3)根据所学知识,面对着民族危机,日本倒幕派在明治天皇的支持下进行了明治维新,明治维新使日本摆脱了民族危机,走上了资本主义发展道路,中国民族资产阶级上层为了救亡图存,发展资本主义进行了戊戌变法,最后失败。

(4)根据所学知识,中国和日本的改革一败一成,中国变法失败,日本明治维新成功,走上了资本主义发展道路,日本成为亚洲第一个走上工业化道路的国家,很快成为亚洲经济实力最强大的国家,走上了侵略扩张的道路。

点评:本题难度较小,考察学生对历史知识的识记能力,19世纪六七十年代的资产阶级革命或改革进一步扩大了资本主义阵营,壮大了资产阶级的力量,顺应了当时历史发展的潮流,而同时期的中国则处在封建社会的晚期,地主阶级只能发起自救运动,不可能从根本上变革封建制度,同学们要注意从背景,性质,改革的措施,意义影响几个方面对这几个革命或改革进行对比,找出它们的异同。

阅读理解

阅读短文,选择正确答案。

       I am an apple. I'm a kind of sweet fruit. You can find me grow (生长) in many places of the world, but I

can't grow well in very hot places or very cold places.

       I am not like my cousins — pears and bananas. I am rounder than a pear, and bananas are longer than me.

I am delicious, so people all over the world like to eat me. They can eat me after they wash me.They can also

cook me and put me in cans (罐头) to send me to other places of the world. I cost very little money so almost

everyone can have money to buy me. I can also help people healthy. There is a saying in English: An apple a day

keeps the doctor away. Don't you think that I'm very great? I really wish to make you happy and healthy.

       But, I also need your love. If you want to make me taste better, you must take good care of me. Thank you

for your love, I'll try to grow well and become more sweet. Then you will like to eat me a lot more.

1. The writer thinks that the banana is the apple's ________. [ ]

A. brother

B. cousin

C. sister

D. father

2. Apples can grow everywhere except (除了) ________. [ ]

A. very cold places

B. very hot places

C. very wet (湿) places

D. A and B

3. What does the underlined (划线) sentence (句子) mean (意思)? [ ]

A. An apple doesn't like a doctor

B. An apple doesn't need a doctor

C. Doctors don't eat apples

D. Eating an apple every day can keep us healthy

4. How many kinds of fruit are mentioned (提到) in the passage (短文)? [ ]

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

5. Which of the following is NOT true ? [ ]

A. An apple is a kind of sweet fruit.

B. People all over the world like to eat apples.

C. Apples cost much money.

D. Apples are rounder than pears, and shorter than bananas.

6. From the last (最后) paragraph (段) we may learn that ________. [ ]

A. people should take care of apples

B. people should thank apples

C. people shouldn't eat many apples

D. people should eat sweet apples

单项选择题