问题 实验题

由SARS病毒引起的非典型肺炎在我国一些地方流行后,政府采取的一系列正确的措施,使该病得到有效控制,请分析回答下列问题。(5分)

(1)非典型肺炎属于               传染病。

(2)“非典”病人很可能在发病             (选填“初期”、“中期”、“后期”)传染性最强。

(3)将“非典”病人与“非典”疑似病人实行隔离,是预防传染病三个措施中的                           

(4)已恢复的“非典”病人不会再患这种病,是因为人体内产生了         ,这属于          免疫。

答案

(1)呼吸道  (2)初期 (3)控制传染源 (4)抗体,特异性。

题目分析:(1)SARS病毒能引起人体主要呼吸器官肺受到损伤,所以非典型肺炎属于呼吸道传染病。

(2)非典病人很可能在发病初期表现症状时,传染性最强,主要是通过近距离飞沫、空气传播,防治工作要早发现、早报告、早诊断、早隔离、早治病。

(3)预防传染病的措施有控制传染源、切断传播途径、保护易感人群,传染源指的是能够散播病原体的人或是动物,传播途径指的是病原体离开传染源到达健康人所经过的途径,感人群指的是对某种传染病缺乏免疫力而容易感染该病的人群,将非典病人与非典疑似病人实行隔离,是预防传染病三个方面措施中的控制传染源。

(4)非特异性免疫是人生来就有的,对多种病原体都有防御功能,特异性免疫是后天获得的,只针对某一特定的病原体起作用,当某种病原体侵入人体以后,人体会产生一种抵抗该病原体的特殊蛋白质---抗体,并在人体内存留,再同样的病原体侵入人体时,存留在体内的抗体就会将该病原体清除,人体就不会患该病了,但有其他病原体侵入人体时,这种抗体则不起作用,此类免疫属于特异性免疫,因此已康复的非典病人体内产生了相应抗体,不会再患该病,这属于特异性免疫。

点评:此题为基础题,解答此题的关键是掌握传染病的概念和传染病的预防措施。

阅读理解

Martha had been working for Miller Laboratories for two years,but she was not happy there.Nothing significant had happened in the way of promotions or salary increases.Martha felt that her supervisor,a younger and less experienced person than she,did not like her.In fact,the supervisor often said unpleasant things to her.

One day,while talking with her friend Maria,she mentioned how discouraged she was .Maria gave her the name of a cousin of hers who was director of Human Resources Department for a large chemical company.Martha called him the next day and set up an interview on her lunch hour.

During the interview,Mr Petri said,“You're just the kind of person we need here.You've being wasted in your other job.Give me a call in a day or two.I'm sure we can find a place for you in our organization."Martha was so happy that she almost danced out of the building.

That afternoon,Ruth Kenny,her supervisor,saw that Martha had come in ten minutes late from her lunch hour and she said ,“Oh,so you finally decided to come back to work today?"

This was the last straw.She could not take another insult.Besides,Mr Petri was right: she was being wasted in this job.

“Look," she said angrily,“if you don't like the way I work,I don't need to stay here.I'll go where I'm appreciated!Goodbye!"She took up her things and stormed out of the office.

That night she called Maria and told her what had happened and then asked Maria.“What do you think?"

“Well,"said Maria carefully,“are you sure about the other job?"

“Well,not exactly,but..."

Maria continued ,“Will you be able to get a recommendation from Ms Kenny if you need one?"

“A recommendation?…from Ms Kenny?"hesitated Martha,in a worried tone.

“Martha,I hope you didn't burn your bridges,”Maria said.“I think I would have handled it differently."

1.Martha is unhappy in her job because_________.

A.she has not advanced

B.the work is not significant

C.her supervisor is younger than she

D.there is too much work with little payment 

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.At her supervisor's criticism,Martha lost her temper.

B.Mr Petri felt Martha was not valued in her present job.

C.Martha's interview with the director was on her lunch hour. 

D.Martha got the name of the director through her cousin. 

3.The phrase “the last straw"in the middle of the passage probably refers to _________.

A.the last opportunity

B.the straw that saves Martha's life

C.the last reminder

D.the final unpleasant thing 

4.What does Maria think of Martha's decision?

A.Martha has handled the matter properly.

B.Martha shouldn't have set the bridge on fire.

C.Martha should have found a new job before leaving.

D.Martha shouldn't have lost her temper with her supervisor. 

判断题