问题 阅读理解与欣赏
阅读下面一篇文言文,回答问题。
送东阳马生序
宋濂
  余幼时即嗜学。家贫,无从致书以观,每假借于藏书之家,手自笔录,计日以还。天大寒,砚冰坚,手指不可屈伸,弗之怠。录毕,走送之,不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余,余因得遍观群书。既加冠,益慕圣贤之道。又患无硕师名人与游,尝趋百里外,从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊,门人弟子填其室,未尝稍降辞色。余立侍左右,援疑质理,俯身倾耳以请;或遇其叱咄,色愈恭,礼愈至,不敢出一言以复;俟其欣悦,则又请焉。故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。
  当余之从师也,负箧曳屣行深山巨谷中。穷冬烈风,大雪深数尺,足肤皲裂而不知。至舍,四支僵劲不能动,媵人持汤沃灌,以衾拥覆,久而乃和。寓逆旅,主人日再食,无鲜肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被绮绣,戴朱缨宝饰之帽,腰白玉之环,左佩刀,右备容臭,烨然若神人;余则缊袍敝衣处其间,略无慕艳意,以中有足乐者,不知口体之奉不若人也。盖余之勤且艰若此。
(选自《义务教育课程标准实验教科书·语文》八年级下)
1.解释下列句子中划线词语的意思。
(1)以是人多以书余。_______________________
(2)从乡之先达执经问。_____________________
(3)戴朱缨宝饰之帽,白玉之环。_____________
(4)至舍,四僵劲不能动。___________________
2.将下面句子翻译成现代汉语。
(1)余立侍左右,援疑质理,俯身倾耳以请。
______________________________________________
(2)以中有足乐者,不知口体之奉不若人也。
______________________________________________
3.本文是作者给马生的赠序,作者是从哪几个方面叙述自己的求学经历的?
______________________________________________
4.文中哪句话揭示了宋濂求学不辍的原因?
______________________________________________
答案

1.(1)假:借;

  (2)叩:请教;

  (3)腰:腰佩,这里用作动词;

  (4)支:通“肢”,肢体。

2.(1)我站在旁边侍候着,提出疑难,询问道理,弯着身子,侧着耳朵,向他请教。

  (2)因为内心有足以快乐的事情(指读书),不觉得吃的穿的比不上其他的人。

3.(1)学习的刻苦;(2)从师的艰难;(3)求学的艰苦三个方面。或:勤且艰若此。(意对即可)

4.“以中有足乐者”或“余幼时即嗜学”。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Look closely at your hands. Are they clean? It doesn't matter how many times you wash your hands, tiny

microbes (微生物) still stay on them. But don't worry. Most microbes don't harm you. Now scientists say the

microbes on our hands could be used in a surprising way; fighting crime, According to a recent survey

microbes as well as fingerprints (指纹) could be used to indentify the criminal.

     Everyone has his own set of microbes on the hands. That is to say, if you and your best friend were able

to see and compare all the microbes on your hands, your hands probably would look different. Some microbes

only show up on your hands while others live only on your friend's hands.

     When you work on a computer you leave the microbes from your hands on the keyboard. The scientists

can easily tell the owner of the keyboard by looking at the microbes on it. Even if you don't leave your

fingerprints behind, your microbes may give you away.

     Noah Fierer, a scientist, says. "You can only clean a fingerprint, but you can't sterilize (使无菌) a surface

just by wiping (擦) it off," He says that scientists have a lot more work to do before the microbe is used as a

useful tool.

1. According to the passage, ________ could be used to identify the criminal.

A. fingerprints

B. scientists' hands

C. microbes

D. fingerprints and microbes on people's hands

2. Paragraph 3 tells us that ________.

A. our hands look similar

B. the microbes will make the keyboard dirty

C. we should compare hands often

D. we have our own sets of microbes

3. When you work on computer, the microbes ________.

A. just stay on our hands

B. also stay on the keyboard

C. will do harm to you

D. will disappear

4. From Noah Fierer we know that ________.

A. fingerprints are no longer useful in fighting crime

B. microbes can be found on everyone's hands

C. unlike microbe fingerprints can be cleaned if people wipe them

D. the microbe is used as a useful tool

5. What's the best title of the passage?

A. Microbes May Tell Who You Are

B. Scientists Say Everyone Has Microbes

C. Noah Fiercer Does Research Into Microbes

D. Fingerprints Help Catch Criminals

解答题