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问题 问答题

（1）铝、铜、铁为日常生活中常见的金属．某化学兴趣小组的同学在探究铝、铜、铁三种金属的有关性质时，进行了如图实验：在A实验中发生反应的化学方程式为　              　．将A实验结束后①、②试管内的物质倒入烧杯中，发现烧杯中的红色固体物质明显增多，一段时间后过滤．滤渣中：一定含有的物质是　 　，可能含有的物质是　    　．

为了进一步确定可能有的物质是否存在，同学们向滤渣中滴加稀盐酸，结果没有气泡产生，那么滤液中含有的金属离子可能是　    　（填写序号）．

①Al3+ ②Al3+、Fe2+ ③Al3+、Fe3+④Fe2+、Cu2+ ⑤Al3+、Fe2+、Cu2+

（2）据有关资料报道，世界上每年因腐蚀而报废的金属设备或材料相当于年产量的20%～40%．稀盐酸常用于金属表面除锈，写出反应的化学方程式　             　，保护金属资源，人人有责，请写出一条防止铁制品生锈的方法　                          　．

答案

（1）Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4；铜；铁；②⑤

（2）Fe2O3+6HCl=2FeCl3+3H2O；在铁制品表面涂保护层，例如涂油漆．

题目分析：（1）铝、铜、铁金属活动顺序是铝＞铁＞铜；依据活动性强的金属可以将活动性弱的金属从它的盐溶液中置换出来，所以在A实验中铁粉不和硫酸铝溶液反应，只能和硫酸铜溶液反应生成铜和硫酸亚铁，发生反应的化学方程式为Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4；将A实验结束后①、②试管内的物质倒入烧杯中，发现烧杯中的红色固体物质明显增多，说明实验①没有反应的铁粉又和实验②中剩余的硫酸铜溶液生成铜和硫酸亚铁，所以一段时间后过滤．滤渣中一定含有的物质是铜，可能含有剩余的铁；向滤渣中滴加稀盐酸，结果没有气泡产生，说明滤渣中一定没有金属铁，所以当铁恰好和硫酸铜反应时，滤液中含有的金属离子是Al3+、Fe2+；当硫酸铜有剩余时，滤液中含有的金属离子是Al3+、Fe2+、Cu2+；故答案为：Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4；铜；铁；②⑤；

（2）铁生锈的条件是与氧气和水同时接触，铁锈的主要成分是氧化铁，氧化铁和盐酸反应生成氯化铁和水，反应的化学方程式Fe2O3+6HCl=2FeCl3+3H2O；防止铁制品生锈的方法在铁制品表面涂保护层，例如涂油漆．故填：Fe2O3+6HCl=2FeCl3+3H2O；在铁制品表面涂保护层，例如涂油漆．

点评：本题考查了金属的活动顺序，完成此类题目，要根据物质的不同性质加以分析鉴别，所以要求同学们在平时的学习中要加强主要物质性质的记忆，以便能够灵活应用．

填空题

How many of us would temp for three years while we waited for the perfect job Not many of us, perhaps. But Wentworth Miller, the "Prison Break" star, said he chose to wait even longer time (1) he found the right job.
"Actually I think it might have been three or four years until I was lucky enough to get guest (2) on TV shows," said Miller, 34, who rose to international stardom (3) to "Prison Break" in 2006. That kind of patience and p will was portrayed in "Prison Break". Miller (4) engineering wizard Michael Scofield, who tries everything to break out of a Chicago (5) with his brother. Miller said he was fond of his character, (6) he said "exists in shades of grey".
Miller comes from a (7) of teachers. He said he didn’t seem fated for a career in the arts, (8) his passion for acting. After (9) from Princeton with an English degree, he moved (10) his parents’ request to Los Angeles to look for a stable life. He started (11) in a little company that made television movies. This (12) simply faxing, filing, walking the boss’ dog and going to the store for the boss’ lunch. Every weekend during the summer, Miller (13) go to the office (14) he didn’t have air-conditioning. "I would hang (15) in the conference room and set up camp and rob the company kitchen," recalled Miller.
(16) , Miller realized he still had questions about his choice. He decided to quit. But the boss said he was making a mistake and offered him a well-paid assistant position. "I eventually (17) that if I did the corporate job, it would be great if I was successful, but I would always wonder about the (18) . If I did the acting and was successful, I would never wonder (19) that job," he explained. He quit and temped (20) many people in the entertainment industry.
Now, he’s a hot star and has people coming up to him at film festivals saying, "Weren’t you the one who (21) to stand by the copy machine "
"That was tough, but I’m glad I have that perspective. Because now I’m at a point (22) big shots laugh at all my jokes and I think, You know, I got coffee for people like you for six years’. So I know what’s (23) , because I’ve seen the other side." But what if, when he was offered the corporate job, there had been more money "It was never about the (24) There’s a kind of excitement that comes along with acting. I can’t find it anywhere else. Even if I had to go back to temping, even if this is not the beginning of an amazing career, I would not (25) making that jum
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单项选择题

单吸离心泵工作时除旋转力矩外，还承受较大的（）。

A.重力

B.摩擦力

C.轴向力

D.压力
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