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问题 单项选择题

按照合同约定，承担工程项目的设计、采购、施工、试运行服务等工作，并对承包工程的质量、安全、工期、造价全面负责。这种工程项目的承发包模式是（）。

A.DB

B.DBB

C.EPC

D.BT

答案

参考答案：C

解析：设计采购施工总承包（EPC-Engineering，Procurement，Construction），"设计采购施工总承包是指工程总承包企业按照合同约定，承担工程项目的设计、采购、施工、试运行服务等工作，并对承包工程的质量、安全、工期、造价全面负责"（引自建设部《关于培育发展工程总承包和工程项目管理企业的指导意见》，建市［2003］30号）。设计采购施工总承包已在我国石油和石化等工业建设项目中得到成功的应用。因此，正确选项是C。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Each year Ben is glad when school is closed on Martin Luther King Jr. Day. Ben knows that this day

honors an important man, but Ben does not feel connected to him. However, the small-world theory (理论)

connects Ben to Dr. King. Ben's mom (0) has a close friend, Amy (1). Amy's uncle, Mark (2), once met and

spoke to John Carter (3), the son of President Jimmy Carter (4). Jimmy Carter knew Dr. King (5). In a way,

Ben is only "five people a-way" from Martin Luther King Jr.

     The small-world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain (链条) of

people they know. Another name of this chain is degrees of separation. Each degree is a step that separates

a person from someone he or she does not know. There are zero degrees of separation between a person

and the people he or she knows directly. This means that there are zero degrees between Ben and his mom.

There is one degree of separation when just one person separates someone from a person he or she does not

know. Ben knows his mom, but he hasn't met her close friend Amy. Therefore, Ben is one degree away from

Amy. As the chain continues. Amy's uncle, Mark, is two degrees. John Carter is three degrees, and his father

is four degrees. Dr. King is five degrees away from Ben. The theory says that there are no more than six

degrees of separation between any two people in the world.

     The small-world theory has a lot to do with math. The theory assumes (假定) that each per-son knows

100 people. Each one of those 100 people knows 50 different people. Each of those 50 people knows another

50 people, and so on. When someone continues the calculation' to six degrees, it is like this: 100 × 50 × 50 ×

50 × 50 × 50 = 31.25 × 109. This number is greater than 31 billion (a billion=a thousand million). There are

over 6 billion people in the world. These numbers show it is possible that six degrees of separation could

include everyone in the world.

     Does the small-world theory work? No one has ever proved it. Maybe the theory just invites people to

think a little more about their places in the world.

1. Ben is two degrees away from ______.

A. Jimmy Carter

B. John Carter

C. Amy

D. Mark

2. What is the meaning of "degrees of separation" in Paragraph 2?

A. The chain to connect people.

B. The relations between people.

C. The steps of knowing strangers.

D.The separation between strangers.

3. What is the small-world theory mainly about?

A. How far Ben is away from Dr. King.

B. How many people one can get to know.

C. How people are connected in the world.

D. How the degrees of separation are set up.

4. We can learn from the article that ______.

A. the small-world theory works

B. more research is needed to prove the theory

C. six degrees are needed to know the strangers

D. the writer's purpose is to help people find out their places

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阅读理解

阅读理解。 

     Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies

like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws (爪) on its wings when young.

They build their homes about 4.6m above the river, an important feature (特征) for the safety of the young.

It is called the hoatzin.

      In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red

on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its

nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though, is only found in the young.

     Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using

these four claws, together with the beak (喙), they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like

primitive birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws.

     During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30

birds, but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven

birds for producing purposes.

1. What is the text mainly about? [ ]

A. Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.

B. The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.

C. Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.

D. The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.

2. Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that _____. [ ]

A. they look like young cuckoos

B. they have claws on the wings

C. they eat a lot like a cow

D. they live on river banks

3. What can we infer about primitive birds from the text? [ ]

A. They had claws to help them climb.

B. They could fly long distances.

C. They had four wings like hoatzins.

D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.

4. Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes? [ ]

A. To find more food.

B. To protect themselves better.

C. To keep themselves warm.

D. To produce their young.

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