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科学家根据各个地层中的化石，可以推断出某种生物生存的年代，以及当时的自然环境．在越古老的地层里，成为化石的生物越______，越______，______生物的化石也越多；而在越晚近的地层里，成为化石的生物越______，越______，______生物的化石也越多．这种现象说明了生物进化的趋势是______，______，______．另外，科学家还发现，在最古老的地层中是没有生物化石的，这说明______．

答案

化石在地层中出现的顺序，是人们研究生物进化的一个重要的方面，不同生物化石的出现和地层的形成，有着平行的关系，也就是说，在越古老的地层中，挖掘出的化石所代表的生物，结构越简单，分类地位越低等，水生生物的化石也越多，在距今越近的地层中，挖掘出的化石所代表的生物，结构越复杂，分类地位越高等，陆生生物的化石也越多．这种现象说明了生物是由简单到复杂、由低等到高等、由水生到陆生逐渐进化而来的，另外，科学家还发现在最古老的地层中是没有化石的，说明地球上最初是没有生命的．

故答案为：简单；低等；水生；复杂；高等；陆生；由简单到复杂；由低等到高等；由水生到陆生；地球上最初是没有生命的．

问答题

There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. (46) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience, but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. (47) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world’s work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.

But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance. (48) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not se easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident and the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. (49) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.

(50) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education—that of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps adults loyal to their group.

(47) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.
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单项选择题

下面不属于Fireworks按钮状态的是：（）

A、弹起

B、滑过

C、按下

D、连续按下
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