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问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文段，回答问题。

　　舜发于畎亩之中，傅说举于版筑之间，胶鬲举于鱼盐之中，管夷吾举于士，孙叔敖举于海，百里奚举于市，故天将降大任于是人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。

　　困于心衡于虑而后作，征于色发于声而后喻。入则无法家拂士，出则无敌国外患者，国恒亡，然后知生于忧患而死于安乐也。

1．给下边句子中加粗的字注音。

（1）曾益其所不能（　）

（2）入则无法家拂士（　）

2．选出下边对加点粗字的解释有错误的两项（　）

A．必先苦其心志（痛苦）　　何苦而不平（愁）

B．曾益其所不能（增加）　　斟酌损益（利益）

C．出则无敌国外患者（在国外）　　殚其地之出（出产的东西）

D．困于心衡于虑而后作（奋起，指有所作为）　　一鼓作气（振作）

3．文中缺漏了一处文字，把缺漏的文字补出来。

________________________________

4．文章第一段写舜、傅说等六人的经历，是为了证明_______________这一观点。

5．写出“生于忧患而死于安乐”的意思。

________________________________

答案

1．（1）zēng （2）bì

2．A B

3．人恒过然后能改

4．生于忧患

5．忧患（能激励人勤奋）使人得以生存发展，而享受安乐使人萎靡死亡。（意对即可）

单项选择题

药物与辅料应是易溶性的，主要适用于急症的治疗（）。

A．含片 

B．口腔贴片 

C．舌下片 

D．咀嚼片 

E．分散片
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单项选择题

Questions 21～25


While other members of my team explored the wreck of a small Greek merchant ship that sank off the Turkish coast more than 2,400 years ago, I hovered above them in a submarine. One diver, an archaeologist, placed an amphora, or two-handled jar, inside a lifting basket. Another vacuumed sediment from the site by fanning sand into the mouth of a nearly vertical pipe. Two more were taking measurements, carefully, but of necessity quickly, for at this depth each diver had only 20 minutes to complete the morning’s assigned task. Any longer, and they would require lengthy medical treatment, to avoid the divers’ ailment known as the bends.
In four decades of diving on shipwrecks, I’ d been too engrossed in carrying out similar tasks to think of the families whose loved ones may have disappeared long ago. I had always concentrated on the technical features of my trade. I had stopped diving regularly 15 years before this exploration, turning over the bulk of the underwater work to a younger generation, but I continue to make inspection dives on most wrecks we excavate.
This was not just any wreck. Although I’ve been involved in uncovering the remains of much older ships, and of more than a hundred ancient shipwrecks along the Turkish coast. I had never even seen a wreck from the fifth century BC. Preliminary photographs of the cargo dated it to the third quarter of the century, during the Golden Age of classical Greece. Athens, then as now the major city in Greece, controlled an empire stretching from one side of the Aegean Sea to the other. None of this would have been possible without naval might and maritime commerce.
During our three-year exploration of the wreck we excavated examples of nearly every type of jar that the classical Greeks made for wine or water. Many types might have been used as tableware by the ship’s crew, but they were far in excess of what would have been required. We concluded therefore that they must have been cargo. We also discovered in the seabed two marble discs, which we guessed were the ship’s eyes. It has long been known from vase paintings that classical Greek ships—like those from other cultures—had eyes to give them life or help them see their way through the waves. Although warships were known to have had naturalistic marble eyes attached to them, most scholars assumed that the eyes on more modest merchant ships were depicted as simple circles painted onto the sides of the vessel.
Did the sailors who depended on these eyes for safety survive the ship’s last voyage They could have lived through the actual sinking. The ship was less than a hundred yards from land when it sank, so they might have swum towards the shore. And we know from Greek literature that some ships had lifeboats. But proximity to land and having lifeboats are no guarantee of safety. Even if some had swum to shore, it’s hard to imagine that many managed to crawl up on the exposed and sharp rocks while being smashed by waves like those that almost certainly sank their ship.

What point does the writer make about the exploration in the first paragraph ______

A. It was most effective when carried out by a small team.
B. It required each diver to possess a variety of skills.
C. It had to take into account risks to the divers.
D. It had been made easier by technological developments.
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