问题 选择题

已知A、B、C均为短周期的元素,A、B同周期、A、C的最低价离子分别为A2和C,B2+和C具有相同的电子层结构,下列说法正确的是(   )

A.C元素的最高正价为+7价            B.离子半径:A2>C>B2+

C.对应气态氢化物的稳定性:A>C       D.还原性:A2<C

答案

答案:B

题目分析:由A、C的最低价离子分别为A2-和C-,则A为ⅥA族元素,C为ⅦA族元素,B2+和C-具有相同的电子层结构,则B在C的下一周期,则B为Mg元素,C为F元素,A、B同周期,则A为S元素,

A.C为F元素,无正价,最高价为0价,故A错误;

B.离子的电子层数越多,半径越大,具有相同核外电子结构的离子,核电荷数越大,半径越小,所以A2->C->B2+,故B正确;

C.C为F元素,A为S元素,F的非金属性大于S元素,所以HF的稳定性大于H2S,即对应气态氢化物的稳定性A<C,故C错误;

D.元素的非金属性越强,对应阴离子的还原性越弱,则有A2->C-,故D错误。

故选B。

点评:本题考查原子结构与元素周期律的关系,题目难度不大,本题的关键是根据原子结构特点正确推断元素的种类。

阅读理解
阅读理解。
     Birthdays are celebrated all over the world. Some ways to celebrate birthdays are rather similar from
country to country: candles, cakes and birthday wishes. But there also different ways to celebrate
birthdays. Here are a few:
Denmark
     A flag is flown outside a window to show that people in that house are having a birthday. Presents
are placed around the child's bed while he is sleeping so he will see them at once when he wakes up.
India
     Usually Indian children wear white to school. However, on their birthday children wear colored clothes
to school and give out chocolates to everyone in the class. Their best friend helps them to do this.
Japan
     The birthday child wears new clothes to mark the special time. Certain birthdays are more important
than others. These are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys.
Holland
     The birthday child receives an especially large present. The family also put flowers on the birthday
child's chair to make it beautiful.
1.When someone is having a birthday in Denmark, you can see                outside the window.
A. flowers      
B. presents      
C. a flag          
D. a chair
2. In                flowers are put on the chair of the birthday child.
A. Japan      
B. Denmark      
C. India          
D. Holland
3. In                , only birthday children wear colored clothes to school.
A. India        
B. Holland      
C. Denmark      
D. Japan
4. In Japan, the birthday is more important for boys when they are                .
A. 15          
B. 7            
C. 5            
D. 3
5. The passage is mainly about                .
A. similar ways of celebrating birthdays in some countries
B. different ways of celebrating birthdays in some countries
C. children's birthdays in western countries
D. the importance of children's birthdays
多项选择题