问题 选择题

已知X、Y、Z、W四种短周期元素的原子序数依次增大,其中X与Y、Z、W所形成的常见化合物在常温下均呈气态,在周期表中Z与W左右相邻,Y的最高价氧化物的水化物与其氢化物反应生成盐,且Y的核电荷数与W的最外层电子数相同。请回答下列问题:

(1)Z基态原子的核外电子排布式是                       

(2)X、Y可组成一化合物,其原子个数之比为5:1。其化学式中含有的化学键有                        

(3)YX3分子的空间构型是         ,中心原子的杂化方式是     ;Y的氢化物的沸点比W的氢化物的沸点         (填“高”或“低”)。

(4)Z2W2分子中,W与Z均满足8e-稳定结构,则Z 2W2的电子式为                              

答案

(共12分)(1)1s22s22p63s23p4(2分) (2) 极性键、离子键、配位键(2分)  (3)三角锥形;sp3 高(每空2分)   

(4)((2分)

题目分析:X与Y、Z、W所形成的常见化合物在常温下均呈气态,,多为氢化物,则X为H元素,Y的最高价氧化物对应的水化物与其氢化物反应生成盐,则Y应为N元素,形成的化合物NH4NO3,Y的核电荷数为7,与W的最外层电子数相同,则W可能为F,也可能为Cl元素,如W为F元素,则Z为O元素,Z对应的氢化物为H2O,在常温下为液体,不成立,所以W为Cl元素,Z为S元素。

(1)Z为S元素,其基态原子的核外电子排布式是1s22s22p63s23p4

(2)X、Y可组成一化合物,其原子个数之比为5:1,分子式为NH5,即NH4H,氢化铵,含有的化学键有极性键、离子键、配位键。

(3)YX3为NH3,空间构型是三角锥形,中心原子的杂化方式是sp3,Y的氢化物(即NH3)的沸点比W的氢化物(即HF)的沸点高。

(4)Z2W2为S2F2,电子式为

点评:本题考查元素的推断,题目难度中等,注意首先判断生成物,根据质量守恒定律书写化学方程式。

单项选择题

Passage Three

Her Dual Citizenship Brings Prejudice
她的双重国籍导致了偏见

She is Vietnam’s top-ranked female tennis player.Still,Noel Huynh Mai Huynh is criticized by the state-run press and jeered by Vietnamese crowds who do not accept her as one of their own.
"I play tennis for my family,"Huynh said before the Southeast Asian Games,a regional
competition that runs through Saturday."There’s a lot of pressure because I know a lot of people, they don’t like me very much."
Huynh,18,was born in the US territory of Guam.She is the first"Viet kieu."or overseas Vietnamese,to receive dual citizenship from the Vietnam government to compete for Vietnam.
Huynh was four years old when her family moved back to Ho Chi Minh City(formerly Saigon) in 1989.She did not speak Vietnamese then but has since mastered the language and now considers herself more Vietnamese than American.
Still,many are wary.She is thought of as spoiled because of her American passport.It doesn’t seem to matter that she’s never been on the US mainland.
She and her four siblings—all accomplished tennis players—have been passed over for less talented Vietnamese players.
"We practice in Vietnam,we grew up in Vietnam...and they cannot beat us so they try to keep us out of competitions so we don’t beat them,"said brother,Jean-Pierre Qui Phu Huynh Jr.
The 65-year-old family patriarch,also named Jean-Pierre,is their inspiration.In perfect English,he recounts the path that led him from Vietnam in 1975 and back 14 years later.
He fought for the US-backed South Vietnamese army and was the tennis coach for former President Nguyen Van Thieu.He put his wife and children on one of the last helicopters leaving the US Embassy before Saigon fell April 30,1975.He spent the next six months searching for his family,finding them in California.
They moved to Guam,where French.educated Jean-Pierre became a top tennis player with a big house and booming business building tennis coups.Still,something was missing.So he decided to go home in 1987.
The family,all US citizens,returned to Vietnam two years later.Most refugees were too scared to think of visiting them.
The elder Huynh coached his children up to eight hours a day,six days a week,and tried to make sure they got to play.
He became friends with former Prime Minister Vo Van Kiet,a tennis fan,and built the country’s largest tennis complex in Ho Chi Minh City.He brought in international tennis competitions and urged Vietnam to strengthen its national team.Still,the discrimination persisted.
"I don’t care about anybody who cheers for the other player,"his daughter said."It’s OK for me,but sometimes I’m kind of sad about that because I’m on the national team but thev alwavs want the other players to beat me."
With Vietnam hosting the Southeast Asian Games for the first time and encouraging about 2.5 million Viet kieu to return,she was given a chance at this event.
"With the participation of Huynh Mai Huynh,the Vietnamese tennis team will be per," said Nguyen Hong Minh,head of the Vietnamese SEA Games sports delegation."This is in our policy to expand international relations as well as win the support of the overseas Vietnamese community."
She was eliminated from doubles and mixed doubles.Her strength is singles.but she said her
coaches didn’t select her for that event.
Huynh says all she wants is to represent the country she considers home.
"I’ll stay here,"she said,"and I’ll play for Vietnam forever."

The reason for Jean-Pierre,the family patriarch,to decide to go home with family is mostly likely that______.

A.the family was hard up in a foreign country

B.he couldn’t find what he liked in Guam

C.his children wanted him to take them home

D.he is emotionally attached to his own country

单项选择题