“举一反三”、“闻一知十”等属于以下哪种迁移？（）
A．同化性迁移
B．顺应性迁移
C．重组性迁移
D．具体迁移
参考答案：A
解析：
同化性迁移是指不改变原有的认知结构，直接将原有的认知经验应用到本质特征相同的一类事物中。原有认知结构在迁移过程中不发生实质性的改变，只是得到某种充实。这就是“举一反三”、“闻一知十”的原理。“举一反三”和“闻一知十”所列举的都是同一类事物，不改变新学习内容的实质。顺应性迁移指将原有认知经验应用于新情境中时，需要调整原有的经验或对新经验加以概括，形成一种能包容新旧经验的更高一级的认知结构，以适应外界的变化。重组性迁移指重新组合原有认知系统中的某些构成要素或成分，调整各成分间的关系或建立新的联系，从而应用于新情境。具体迁移是指将一种学习中习得的具体的、特殊的经验直接迁移到另一种学习活动中，或经过某种要素的重新组合，以迁移到新情境中去。因此本题的正确答案为A。
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| These days, it is easier for us to travel to other countries than ever before. However, there is a big difficulty that most of us _1_ when we meet people in other countries--we cannot communicate with them. There are _2_ where English is still not spoken, though it is the most widely known language. So, wouldn't it be _3_ if there was one language that could be understood by anyone anywhere in the world? Esperanto that was created in 1887 may be the world's _4_ truly international language. In fact, although _5_ artificial (人造的) languages have been already created, only Esperanto has had much success. Its learner say that it is about four times _6_ to learn than other languages. Spelling and pronunciation are both easy, too. For example, it does not have silent _7_ like the "h" in "hour". If you _8_ a word, you can spell it without any difficulty. The grammar is also as simple as possible: only sixteen basic _9_, no irregular verbs (不规则动词), only six verb endings. In short, Esperanto should be attractive as a language to learn, _10_ there is a problem: how many people have met anyone who can really speak it? Anyway, we hope that some day one language can be mastered easily by anyone. | ||||
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