问题 综合

阅读下列材料,完成问题。(14分)

材料一:三亚市部分人口资料。

材料二:中科院可持续发展战略研究组《2012中国新型城市化报告》指出,从1991年到2010年,城市建成区面积扩大了2.12倍,而城市化水平仅仅增长了0.89倍,土地扩张速率是人口城镇化速率的2.38倍,城市土地扩张与城市人口密度相背离。有些地方在城镇化过程中过度发展房地产,有些地方出现了农民“上楼吃饭,下地干活”的现象;另外我国人口居住地与户籍所在地脱离的人口有两亿多。

材料三:拉丁美洲一些国家城市化水平很高,但城市中存在很多贫民窟,这些贫民没有正式工作,只能以乞讨、捡垃圾为生。

⑴三亚流动人口迁移的最主要原因是            ,属于     因素。(2分)

⑵三亚流动人口      素质较低,推测三亚的产业结构可能以       指向型工业或者第三产业中的服务业为主。(2分)

⑶城市化过程中最本质的变化是从以           为主到             为主的变化。(4分)

⑷结合材料二、三,说明我国新型城镇化(目前可以理解为城市化)过程中应重点加强的措施。(6分)

答案

⑴务工经商   经济(每空1分)

⑵文化  廉价劳动力(每空1分)

⑶第一产业,第二、三产业(每空2分.如果用农业、工业、服务业代替可以得分,第二空只答其中一种不得分)

⑷集约化(合理)利用土地资源;(2分)大力发展实体经济(二、三产业),促进进城农民工就业;(2分)调整户籍政策,促进流动人口市民化。(2分)(采分点不能增加,意思接近的说法可以酌情给分,但不得超过每一点总分)

题目分析:

第(1)题,根据材料一“三亚市部分人口资料”可知三亚流动人口迁移的最主要原因是务工经商,其比重占51.8%,属于经济因素导致的人口迁移。

第(2)题,由“三亚市常住流动人口受教育程度比例情况表”可知三亚流动人口文化素质较低,其产业结构可能以廉价指向型工业或者第三产业中的服务业为主。

第(3)题,城市化的本质是人的改变,由农村人转化为了城市人,因此城市化过程中最本质的变化是从以第一产业为主到第二、三产业为主的变化。

第(4)题,城镇化过程应该注意城镇化过程后出现的问题。因此我国新型城镇化过程中应重点加强的措施主要体现在集约化(合理)利用土地资源;大力发展实体经济(二、三产业),促进进城农民工就业;调整户籍政策,促进流动人口市民化等方面。

点评:本题难度中等,解答本题需明确:(1)自古以来,经济因素为人口迁移的主要动因。(2)掌握城市化的实质、城市化过程出现的问题与对策。

单项选择题
单项选择题

"In the long run," as John Maynard Keynes observed, "we are all dead. " True. But can the (1) run be elongated in a way that makes the long run (2) And if so, how, and at what cost People have dreamt of (3) since time immemorial. They have sought it since the first alchemist put an elixir of (4) on the same shopping list as a way to turn lead into gold. They have (5) about it in fiction, from Rider Haggard’s "She" to Frank Herbert’s "Dune". And now, with the growth of (6) knowledge that has marked the past few decades, a few researchers believe it might be within (7) .

To think about the question, it is important to understand why organisms-people (8) -age in the first place. People are like machines: they (9) That much is obvious. However, a machine can always be (10) A good mechanic with a stock of spare parts can keep it going (11) . Eventually, no part of the (12) may remain, but it still carries on, like Lincoln’s famous axe that had three new handles and two new blade.

The question, of course, is whether the machine is worth (13) . It is here that people and nature (14) . Or, to put it slightly (15) , two bits of nature disagree with each other. From the individual’s point of view, (16) is an imperative. You cannot reproduce unless you are alive. A fear of death is a sensible evolved response and, since (17) is a sure way of dying, it is no surprise that people want to stop it in its tracks. Moreover, even the appearance of ageing can be (18) . It (19) the range of potential sexual partners who find you attractive-since it is a sign that you are not going to be (20) all that long to help bring up baby-and thus, again, curbs your reproduction.

3()

A.mortality

B.immortality

C.no disease

D.no disaster