问题 解答题

根据达尔文进化学说的解释,过度繁殖削弱了生存斗争.______.

答案

达尔文发现,地球上的各种生物普遍具有很强的繁殖能力,都有依照几何比率增长的倾向.达尔文指出,象是一种繁殖很慢的动物,但是如果每一头雌象一生(30~90岁)产仔6头,每头活到100岁,而且都能进行繁殖的话,那么到750年以后,一对象的后代就可达到1 900万头.因此,按照理论上的计算,就是繁殖不是很快的动、植物,也会在不太长的时期内产生大量的后代而占满整个地球.但事实上,几万年来,象的数量也从没有增加到那样多,自然界里很多生物的繁殖能力都远远超过了象的繁殖能力,但各种生物的数量在一定的时期内都保持相对的稳定状态,这是为什么呢?达尔文因此想到了生存斗争.

    生物的繁殖能力是如此强大,但事实上,每种生物的后代能够生存下来的却很少.这是什么原因呢?达尔文认为,这主要是繁殖过度引起的生存斗争的缘故.任何一种生物在生活过程中都必须为生存而斗争.生存斗争包括生物与无机环境之间的斗争,生物种内的斗争,如为食物、配偶和栖息地等的斗争,以及生物种间的斗争.由于生存斗争,导致生物大量死亡,结果只有少量个体生存下来.所以说是过度繁殖引起了生存斗争.

故答案为:×

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Have you ever tried to draw a straight line, only to find it turns out all wrong? Or, wanted to show   36  at a party but the song you’d practised so many times suddenly   37  more difficult?
I've had both these   38 .As a Senior 3 student, I have to   39  many exams. Each time I enter one thinking “I   40  fail this time.” , I get a low mark.
But don't be surprised --- it's not   41  we don't try, or do enough preparation, or take it   42 . On the contrary, it is because we put ourselves under too much   43 . It is thinking ‘I must…’ that makes us taste the terrible flavor of   44 .
We often   45  to our friends, “Don't be too hard   46  yourself!”. But when we   47  our own goals, we may not listen to our own advice.
In doing so, we are making our path to success increasingly difficult.
So why not   48  this crazy pursuit(追求) to get the best? Just face the problem   49  before you with a calm mind, enjoy the hard work and you will succeed.
In my opinion,   50  a calm state of mind is a skill for life. For people who want to succeed,   51  this is a very important lesson.
So   52  time when you're trying to draw a straight line or   53  a performance, tell yourself, “If I can just do it better than last time, it's a   54 . ”
Keep a calm state of mind, and you will be happy   55  you succeed or fail.
小题1:
A.upB.offC.outD.in
小题2:
A.assumesB.appearsC.listensD.becomes
小题3:
A.experiencesB.chancesC.timesD.reviews
小题4:
A.finishB.measureC.takeD.join
小题5:
A.shouldn'tB.mayC.can'tD.haven't
小题6:
A.whyB.sinceC.whenD.because
小题7:
A.necessarilyB.seriouslyC.personallyD.sharply
小题8:
A.careB.powerC.pressureD.attention
小题9:
A.examsB.difficultyC.marksD.failure
小题10:
A.sayB.speakC.tellD.talk
小题11:
A.offB.onC.toD.for
小题12:
A.shareB.achieveC.weighD.set
小题13:
A.throw away B.get awayC.take awayD.let away
小题14:
A.waitingB.sittingC.lyingD.laying
小题15:
A.stayingB.keepingC.remainingD.making
小题16:
A.tryingB.realizing C.usingD.training
小题17:
A.lastB.whatC.nextD.high
小题18:
A.put onB.play onC.give onD.show on
小题19:
A.successB.taskC.lessonD.trial
小题20:
A.ifB.eitherC.neitherD.whether