问题 问答题

什么是依恋?依恋有哪几种类型?

答案

参考答案:

依恋是婴儿寻求并企图保持与另一个人亲密的身体和情感联系的一种倾向。尽管所有的婴儿都存在着依恋行为,但由于儿童和依恋对象的交往程度、质量不同,儿童的依恋存在不同的类型。一般认为,儿童的依恋行为可以分为以下三种类型:

(1)回避型。母亲在场或不在场对这类儿童影响不大。母亲离开时,儿童并无特别紧张或忧虑的表现。母亲回来了,儿童往往也不予理会,有时也会欢迎母亲的到来,但只是暂时的,接近一下又走开了。这类儿童接受陌生人的安慰和接受母亲的安慰一样。

(2)反抗型。这类儿童遇到母亲要离开之前,总显得很警惕,有点大惊小怪。如果母亲要离开他,他就会表现极度的反抗,但是与母亲在一起时,又无法把母亲作为他安全探究的基地。这类儿童见到母亲回来时就寻求与母亲的接触,但同时又反抗与母亲接触,甚至还有点发怒的样子。

(3)安全型。这类儿童与母亲在一起时,能安逸地玩弄玩具,对陌生人的反应比较积极,并不总是偎依在母亲身旁。但是母亲离开时,探索性行为会受影响,明显地表现出一种苦恼和焦急。当母亲又回来时,他们会立即寻求与母亲的接触,但很快又平静下来,继续做游戏。三种类型中,安全型是较好的依恋类型。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Kunsang Dekyi was an ordinary teenager who lived a quiet life in Yushu, Qinghai. However, the April

14 earthquake made her famous quickly.

     When her house fell down with her family still inside, the 16-year-old Tibetan girl dug for a whole day

using only her hands. In the end, she was able to save all nine members of her family.

     On the morning when the earthquake took place, Kunsang Dekyi was on her way to get a photocopy (复印件) of her ID card. Suddenly she saw the ground shaking and houses falling down. She ran back home to

find her house buried (埋) by rocks.

     With tears on her face, Kunsang Dekyi began taking away the heavy rocks and digging with her hands.

     Two hours later, she found her mother."I first pulled my mother out. I was so excited that I totally forgot

the pain in my fingers," she said.

     After about 12 hours of digging, Kunsang Dekyi saved all nine of her family members.

     Kunsang Dekyi's story quickly spread around the quake areas and the whole country. Her story is really

moving and encouraging. Now, Kunsang Dekyi and her family are living in a makeshift house (板房).

1. How old is Kunsang Dekyi?

    ____________________________________________________                                

2. How many people did Kunsang Dekyi save in the earthquake? 

    ____________________________________________________ 

3. Where was Kunsang Dekyi when the earthquake took place?  

    ____________________________________________________  

4. How did Kunsang Dekyi feel when she pulled her mother out?

    ____________________________________________________ 

10. 请将画线句子翻译成汉语。

    ____________________________________________________ 

单项选择题