问题 材料分析题

【国家和国际组织常识】

列宁说:“民主共和制是资本主义所能采用的最好的政治外壳,所以资本一掌握这个最好的外壳,就能十分巩固十分可靠地确立自己的权利,以致在资产阶级民主共和国中,无论人员、无论机构、无论政党的任何更换,都不会是这个权利动摇。”

(1)上述材料蕴含了国家学说的哪些道理?

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(2)为什么说“民主共和制是资本主义所能采用的最好的政治外壳?”请结合当代发达资本主义国家政体的实践加以说明。

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答案

(1)国体决定政体,政体体现国体;一定的政体服务于一定的国体,统治阶级为维护其根本利益,总是力求采用有效的政体。

(2)各资产阶级政党为争夺选票,给选民一定的政治参与渠道;采用分权与制衡的规则,可以防止少数人专权;通过两党制轮流执政或多党联合执政,为资产阶级不同利益集团之间相互监督提供机制保障;资产阶级以民主的形式掩盖其国家的阶级性质,具有相当强的隐蔽性和欺骗性。

阅读理解

Pasta is the world’s favorite food. Asurveytaken in 17 countriesconfirmedthat pasta is what people like to eat most. Not only is pasta the number one food in its home country -Italy, but is alsoenjoyedin faraway places like the Philippines, Mexico andSouth Africa.

Pasta has become popular, for one thing, because it is cheap and easy to prepare. Just cook noodles or other forms of pasta, make a sauce to go with it and you’re finished. Many different types of meals can becreatedwith pasta. It tastes good and fills your stomach. It produces energy in the form ofcarbohydrates(碳水化合物), which is whyathleteseat pasta regularly. Pasta can also be kept for a longer time. You don’t have to use it up at once.

Pasta has also become popular because it stands for the Italian way of life. People all over the world like it because it’s so simple. It has two basic ingredients(成分), wheatand water, just like bread.

Legend has itthat Marco Polo brought pasta back to Italy with him but this is not true. Arabs probably brought a noodle-likedishtoSicilyin the 8th century. Farmers have been growing wheat, the mainingredientof pasta, there for ages.

The worldwide sales of pasta have risen sharply over the past decade. Italy leads the pasta-eatingcommunityof the world. The Italians are the number one consumers followed by Venezuela and Tunisia.

小题1:In which country do people eat pasta most?

A.Mexico

B.Venezuela

C.The Philippines

D.South Africa小题2:Sports people often have pasta because_________.

A.it costs less money

B.it can be kept longer

C.it provides proper energy

D.it contains no carbohydrates小题3:One reason why pasta is favored is that_______.

A.people like a simple lifestyle

B.it smells just like bread

C.it is rich in nutrition

D.Italian food stands for fansition.小题4:What would be the best title for the text?

A.The origin of pasta

B.Italians’ love for pasta

C.Pasta is changing people’s way of life

D.Pasta—the world’s favorite food

多项选择题