问题 解答题

阅读下列材料,回答问题.

烟草燃烧时会产生约1400多种有害物质(如尼古丁、CO、焦油等),全球11亿烟民中,每年死于肺病、冠心病等与吸烟相关的疾病超过结核、艾滋病.车祸和自杀等死亡的总和,长期吸烟者的肺癌发病率比不吸烟者高10倍至20倍,吸烟者吸烟时对周围人的危害比对自己还大,我国烟民约占全世界的三分之一,其中15岁至25岁的烟民约占70%.世界卫生组织将每年的5月31日定为“世界无烟日”,2011年无烟日的口号是“烟草致命如水火无情控制履约可挽救生命”,我国已禁止在公共环境中抽烟.为了解吸烟对人体的危害,某实验小组进行了“烟草浸出液对水蚤心率的影响”的实验;用10只大小一致、10秒心跳范围在30-36次之间的成年水蚤进行实验,烟草浸出液是用四等份的烟丝中分别加入20、30、40、50ml蒸馏水浸泡一天而成.下列是实验的相关数据:

组号12345
用不同量的蒸馏水配置的烟草浸出液清水50ml40ml30ml20ml
10秒内心跳的次数3536373942
(1)资料显示,吸烟者首先危害的是人体的______系统,进而引起各种不同慢性病,严重时还会导致肺癌、冠心病等.

(2)实验数据表明,随着烟草浸出液浓度增加,水蚤心率的变化是______.

(3)选择健康的生活方式要从我做起,除不吸烟外,请你再写出两条健康的生活方式:______、______.

答案

(1)烟草燃烧时会产生约1400多种有害物质(如尼古丁、CO、焦油等),会随着吸烟(烟雾)首先进入呼吸系统,因此吸烟者首先危害的是人体的呼吸系统,进而引起慢性支气管炎,哮喘等慢性病,严重时还会导致肺癌、冠心病等、呼吸系统疾病.

(2)根据表中数据烟草浸出液的浓度由小增大,水蚤10秒内的心跳次数有35增加到41.表明烟草浸出液对心率有促进作用,浓度越大,则心率越高,说明促进作用越强.

(3)选择健康的生活方式要从我做起,除不吸烟外,健康的生活方式还有:不饮酒、合理膳食、坚持锻炼身体、按时作息、拒绝毒品、积极参加集体活动等有利于身心健康的各种活动.

故答案为:(1)呼吸;

(2)逐渐加快;

(3)不饮酒;合理膳食.

完形填空

阅读下列材料,从所给的六个选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中,选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

请阅读某书店各书架的相关信息:

A. Section One: Do-It-Yourself Section -- On these shelves customers can find the latest manuals on how to do everything from building a computer to constructing your own home.

B. Section Two: Sports & Leisure Section --- Stocks a large range of the latest books on your favorite sporting teams and events. Pick up the perfect Father's Day present here.

C. Section Three: Humor Section --- A great selection of joke books, funny stories and wonderful real life adventures that are sure to keep the reader laughing for days.

D. Section Four: Business & Finance --- Students, business people or anyone interested in the world of commerce are certain to find the book they are after here. We have special subsection for international trade and e-commerce.

E. Section Five: Biography --- Find out about the lives of your favorite sports stars, singers, actors and other famous people from today and the past. Learn what they had to go through to become successful and the effect it had on their lives.

F. Section Six: Education --- Has a huge range of textbooks and supplementary material covering all the major high school and university subjects. Buyers showing their student cards receive a 15% discount on all purchases from this section.

阅读下列关于各书籍的信息,匹配书籍与其所应放置的书架:

___1. The Delighted Eye --- by Prof. John Nash --- The 1994 Nobel Prize Winner for Economics, whose ideas have influenced a generation of the world's greatest economic minds, tells his life story: growing up in a small town in America, becoming one of America's most influential mathematicians and his battles with mental illness.

___2. Mother Tongue: The English Language --- by Bill Bryson --- Bryson's book is a journey through the history and different aspects of the English language , one that is both informative and hugely entertaining. As with most of Bryson's books, fun comes before facts and readers will be left with a smile on their faces.

___3. Into Thin Air --- by John Krakauer --- is a riveting first-hand account of a disastrous race to the top of Mount Everest. In March 1996, Outside magazine sent veteran journalist and experienced climber John Krakauer to join the team led by the famous Everest guide Rob Hall. Despite the expertise of Hall and the other leaders, by the end of the race eight people were dead.

___4. Ready Made: How to Make (Almost) Everything --- by Shoshanna Berger and Grace Hawthorne --- beautifully written with great factual information. The theme behind this book is re-use, re-claim, re-cycle and there are many detailed easy-to-do projects for the reader to try such as making a photo frame from a book cover or a pot for your plants from plastic shopping bags.

____5. The Smartest Guys in the Room: The Amazing Rise and Scandalous Fall of Enron --- by Bethany McLean and Peter Elkind --- As the title suggests the authors cover the rise of the American electricity company to become one of the 10 richest companies in the world and its spectacular fall into dishonour and bankruptcy. A perfect guide on what not to do in business.

单项选择题 共用题干题