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The pollution in our country is very serious, which is harmful to our health. If  we don’t take     

to protect the environment, the earth will be destroyed. The earth is our home. No earth, no people! So we should think of some good    to solve the environmental problems.

　　   is one of the problems. But some rubbish can be    . So we should      the rubbish according to the materials instead of throwing them here and there. We should also    the waste. For example, we can use      sides of the paper or we can bring a basket when going to the supermarket. Waste water shouldn’t be     into rivers and lakes directly(直接地). Dirty water may     some diseases(疾病).

In a word,    is supposed to take an action at once. It is our duty to protect the environment and make our world more and more beautiful.

小题1:A. hair    B. measures C. sky

小题2:A. purpose B. results  C. ways

小题3:A. Rubbish B. Air  C. Water

小题4:A. stored B. recycled C. wasted

小题5:A. sell    B. rise C. sort

小题6:A. reduce  B. make C. stop

小题7:A. both    B. neither  C. none

小题8:A. poured  B. discovered   C. rained

小题9:A. shut    B. cause    C. prevent

小题10:A. no one B. someone  C. everyone

答案

小题1:B

小题2:C

小题3:A

小题4:B

小题5:C

小题6:A

小题7:A

小题8:A

小题9:B

小题10:C

题目分析：在我国的污染是非常严重，这对我们的健康有害。 没有地球，就没有人类！所以我们应该一些措施来解决环境问题。 如垃圾分类回收再利用、节约用纸、减少垃圾，多用环保袋。总之大家应该立刻采取行动。保护环境，使我们的世界更美丽是我们的责任。

小题1:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。如果我们不采取措施来保护环境，地球将会被毁灭。A. hair头发；B. measures措施、方法；C. sky天空。这里take measures 是固定搭配，意思是：采取措施。故选B。

小题2:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。所以我们应该想出一些好方法来解决环境问题。A. purpose目的；B. results结果；C. ways方法。ways和前面的measures是同义词，都是方法的意思。故选C。

小题3:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。根据后一句的意思可知，这里在谈论Rubbish。A. Rubbish垃圾；B. Air空气；C. Water水。故选A。

小题4:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。结合语境理解可知句意是：但一些垃圾可以被回收。A. stored储存；B. recycled回收；C. wasted浪费。故选B。

小题5:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。所以我们应该根据材料对垃圾分类而不是把它们扔得到处都是。A. sell卖；B. rise上长；C. sort分类。故选C。

小题6:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。根据下文可知句意是，还应该减少垃圾。A. reduce减少；B. make生产；C. stop停止。故选A。

小题7:考查代词辨析和对语境的理解。我们可以使用纸张的两面。A. both双面；B. neither两者都不；C. none所有的都不。这里是指故纸的正反两面，所以选A。

小题8:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。根据语境可知，句意是：废水不应该直接被倒入河流和湖泊。A. poured倾倒；B. discovered发现；C. rained下雨；故选A。

小题9:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。根据语境和常识可知，句意是：脏水可能会造成一些疾病。A. shut关；B. cause造成；C. prevent阻止。故选B。

小题10:考查代词辨析和对语境的理解。根据语境和常识理解可知，需要人人都行动起来，才能治理好环境。 A. no one没人；B. someone有人；C. everyone每个人。故选C。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题

下列指标中，评价消毒剂杀菌效果最合适的是（）

A.杀灭率（%）

B.杀灭对数值

C.抑菌率（%）

D.抑菌环直径（cm）

E.清除率（%）
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阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn

income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes

employers and the self-employed. Labor is one of the country's resources which can be combined with

other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community.

     Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are

several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution (分布) of the total population has a very

marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people

or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were a balanced

spread age distribution. If the population naturally grows rapidly, the number of births greatly exceeds

(超出) the number of deaths then as a total population increases proportion of the workforce declines.

     Sometimes a population is described as aging which means that the birth rate is either falling or

growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young

people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. In that situation the population is top-heavy with

older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid

increase in births or a falling birth rate.

     The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population

is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the

number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a

reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes,

finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total

population, then the government tax revenue (税收) is relatively low and either the government has less

money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.

1. In the passage "labor force" is defined as ___________.

A. people who are available to work and earn income

B. self-employed people only

C. people who are looking for an employment

D. employers who create job opportunities

2. The conclusion which can be drawn from the second paragraph is that___________.

A. a natural growth of population leads to a balanced workforce

B. a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce

C. the larger the population, the higher the proportion of the workforce

D. the workforce will be lower, if the population has a balanced age distribution,

3. When a population is said to be aging,___________.

A. there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce

B. the birth rate must be growing

C. there should be an oversupply of workforce

D. There are more people entering the workforce than those retiring

4. The population which is top-heavy with older people ___________ of a country.

A. leads to the high rate of unemployment  

B. results in low tax on the workforce members  

C. affects employees' incomes

D. places pressure on the economy
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