问题 阅读理解与欣赏

文言文阅读(10分)

【甲】 王子猷、子敬俱病笃,而子敬先亡。子猷问左右:“何以都不闻消息?此已丧矣。”语时了不悲。便索舆来奔丧,都不哭。

子敬素好琴,便径入坐灵床上,取子敬琴弹,弦既不调,掷地云:“子敬子敬,人琴俱亡。”因恸绝良久。月余亦卒。

(刘义庆《世说新语》)

【乙】王戎丧儿万子①,山简往省之,王悲不自胜。简曰:“孩抱中物②,何至于此!”王曰:“圣人忘情,最下不及情③。情之所钟,正在我辈。”简服其言,更为之恸。               (刘义庆《世说新语》)

【注释】 ①万子:王绥,字万子。②孩抱中物:形容孩子很小,尚在怀抱之中。③圣人:指人格品德最高的人 最下:指愚人。不及情:没有感情

小题1:解释下列划线词语的意思。(4分)

①  何以不闻消息(      )    ③ 语时不悲(       )

②  山简往之  ( )    ④ 简其言 (       )

小题2:用现代汉语写出下面文言句子的意思。(4分)

⑴何以都不闻消息?此已丧矣。                                  

⑵ 简服其言,更为之恸。                                              

小题3:【甲】【乙】两文中的“了不悲”“都不哭”“悲不自胜”“为之恸”,实际是为后人称颂的“魏晋风度”的一种体现。联系两篇文章的内容,简要说说你对“魏晋风度”的理解。(2分)

答:                                                                 

答案

小题1:.①总,竟    ②探望  ③完全   ④佩服(4分)

小题2:(1)为什么总听不到(子敬的)消息,这(一定)是他已经死了。(2分)

(2)山简很佩服王戎说的话,因而大为悲痛。           (2分)

小题3:魏晋风度就是当时的文人士大夫任由性情、旷达、洒脱的风度。(2分)

小题1: “都、省、服”,根据语境可推断出其意思。“省、服”与现代汉语的意思一致。“了”要结合上下文认真考虑一下。

点评:做课外文言文的词语解释题,一定要牢记课外考查看课内的原则。用心想一想,都能在课内找到这此词的影子,这样词语就不难解释了。但是平时要有一定的文言知识积累,一些文言词语的常规用法是必须知道的。

小题2:题目分析:翻译时要注意,关键词语的意思必须要落实。此句中的关键词有“何以、已”,“何以”是文言文中的重点词语,译为“为什么”。“已”和现代汉语的意思一致,译为“已经”。把各个词语的意思连缀起来,语意通顺即可。

点评:翻译文言语句是文言文阅读的必考题。文言语句的翻译一般有两种方法,直译和意译,中考时常采用直译。直译讲究字字落实,特别是关键词语的意思必须要呈现出来。文言语句的翻译首先要知道文言词语的意思,当然课外的文言语句翻译时,放到语境中,根据上下文推断也不失是一种较好的方法。

小题3:题目分析:首先要理解“了不悲”“都不哭”“悲不自胜”几个词语的意思,即“一点也不悲伤”“竟然不哭”“悲伤得自己不能承受。形容极度悲伤”,由此可见,人物

比较率真、率性而为,完全不掩饰、不虚伪。

点评:对语句的理解一定要结合文章内容。尤其要注意语句出现的语段及其上下文的内容,这些往往提示我们语句的意思和情感,帮助我们正确理解语句。

单项选择题

Passage Four

Despite a cooling of the economy, high technology companies are still crying out for skilled workers. The Information Technology Association of America projects that more than 800 000 technology jobs will go unfilled next year. The lack of qualified workers poses a huge threat to the U. S. economy.
The most commonly cited reason for this state of affairs is that the country’s agrarian-age education system, separated from the needs of the business world, fails to prepare students in the primary and secondary grades for twenty-first-century work. Yet an inadequate and outmoded education system is only part of the problem. A less tangible but equally powerful cause is an antique classification system that divides the workforce into two camps: white-collar knowledge workers and blue-collar manual laborers.
Blue-collar workers emerged in the United States during the Industrial Age as work migrated from farms to factories. White-collar office workers became a significant class in the twentieth century, outnumbering their blue-collar brethren by mid-century. But the white or blue paradigm has clearly outlived its utility. Corporations increasingly require a new layer of knowledge worker: a highly skilled multi-disciplinarian who combines the mind of the white-collar worker with the hands of the blue-collar employee. Armed with a solid grounding in mathematics and science (physics, chemistry and biology), these "gold-collar" workers--so named for their contributions to their companies and to the economy, as well as for their personal earning ability—apply that knowledge to technology. Of course, the gold-collar worker already exists in a wide range of jobs across a wide range of businesses: think of the maintenance technician who tests and repairs aircraft systems at American Airlines; the network administrator who manages systems and network operations at P&G; the advanced-manufacturing technician at Intel.
But until American business recognizes these people as a new class of worker, one whose collar is neither blue nor white, demands that schools do a better job of preparing employees for the twenty-first-century workforce will be futile. Certainly, polytechnic high schools, colleges, and universities have made heroic efforts to teach workers new skills. But because many people see these initiatives as primarily training blue-collar workers, adequate funds are not invested in such programs, leaving them short of state-of-the-art tools and experienced teachers. And because gold-collar workers need to constantly update their skills to stay current with emerging technology, learning must be a continuous process, one that is funded by companies as well as by taxpayers.

The best title for the text may be ______.

A.800 000 Technology Jobs Unfilled

B.Gold-collar Workers Needed

C.U.S. Economy Threatened

D.Schools Fail to Train Gold-collar Workers

单项选择题